1 66 Memoir on the Ancient Coins [April, 



the Bactrian princes, is difficult to decide, and although their high sounding epithets 

 make vis desirous of being better acquainted with them, I apprehend we shall only 

 be enabled to allow them a limited sway in the regions south of the Caucasus ; 

 probably, as I have hinted before, their capital was Alexandria ad Caucasum. 



Series 3. — Agathocles. 

 Fig. 17, Obverse. Lion standing to the right. Greek legend BA2IAEH2 ArA- 

 0OKAEOY2. 

 Reverse. Female deity, with flower in right-hand. Legend Pehlevi. 



This is one of ten copper quadraugular coins in my possession. 



These coins, I presume, are sufficiently interesting ; and fortunately, the pure 

 Greek characters of the legend leave to doubt as to the name of the prince. The 

 same Agathocles occurs in history, having been borne by the celebrated tyrant 

 of Sicily; — by one of Alexander's generals; — and by his grandson, the illustrious 

 son of Lysimachus, king of Thrace, put to death by his father on account of 

 the base and false information of his step-mother Arsinoe, the sister of Ptolemy 

 Soter, king of Egypt. He was killed about 283 B. C. "While we are at a loss 

 to assign the epoch of the prince, whose coins we now consider, we may be assured 

 that he flourished near that of the Bactrian dynasty, or ere the Greek arts and 

 perspicuity of language had declined. The deity on the reverse has no positive 

 marks by which to identify her. If it be a flower she holds in her hand, she 

 may be Flora ; if heads of wheat, she may be Ceres, or perhaps Proserpine the daugh- 

 ter of Ceres ; — the evidence is too slight, however, even to authorize an opinion. 



Pantaleon. 

 Fig. 18, Olverse. Lion standing and facing to the right. Greek legend BA2IAEnS 

 IIANTAAEONTOS. 

 Reverse. Female deity with flower in right-hand. Legend Pehlevi*. 



This is one of two copper quadrangular coins in my possession. The exact 

 coincidence of the figures on the obverses and reverses make us fain to consider 

 these coins as referring to the same prince as the preceding, notwithstanding the 

 variation in the Greek legend. Pantaleon signifies in Greek " in all things a lion," 

 that is, always brave. I know not whether to consider this term an epithet, or a 

 name, nor do I remember whether as the latter it occurs in historyf . These coins 

 have no monograms. 



Fig. 19, Olverse. Figure of lion standing to the left, over the back the character 

 ■£ — under the head, another of this form, $>. 

 Reverse. Figure of elephant — over the back the character ^ . 



This is one from twenty copper quadrangular coins in my possession, the cha- 

 racter noted on the reverse, not plain on the coin here represented, is supplied from 

 another where it is distinct. These coins are mere massy lumps, the obverses 

 struck with a square formed die in the bulk of the metal, the obverses rising in 

 relief above the surface. It must be owned, that the absence of legends renders 

 their appropriation difficulty, and I have included them in this series only from the 



* The characters of the legend on this and on the following coin, resemble very 

 closely those of the inscription on the Allahabad column, No. 1, (seepage 112.) It 

 will be important to trace them further. — Ed. 



f A Pantaleon occurs as a king of Pisa, who presided at the Olympic Games 

 B. C. 664.— Ed. 



X Some light will I think be thrown on these coins by Captain Cautley's dis- 

 covery near Seharanpur.—ED. 



