1834.] Discovered at Beghram in Kabul. 169 



of glory around the head ; right-hand holding a sword, mace, or 

 emblem of command. Behind the head, a trident or symbol of 

 supreme authority. 

 Reverse. Horseman, the ends of his turban flowing in the wind ; his right 

 hand extended, and holding what may be a short sword ; horse 

 caparisoned, and apparently furnished with saddle ; before the 

 horse a tridental symbol. Legend Greek, portion visible, 

 ©HTHPHErAC BACIAEV BACIAE... 

 Fig. 27, Obverse. Bust, as preceding, sword or mace in right-band, adorned with 



ribbons. 

 Fig. 28, Reverse. Horseman, as in Fig.26. Legend Greek BA2IAEV2 BA2IAEUN 



2UJTHP. 

 Fig. 29, Obverse. Helmed head, looking to the left ; before the figure a symbol 

 difficult to explain, behind it the usual trident. 

 Figures 26, 27, and 28, are from fifty -five copper coins of the same size and 

 type in my possession ; Fig. 29 is from an unique specimen. Besides these I have 

 one hundred and fifteen smaller copper coins of the same type. The whole of 

 these coins are distinguished for the bold relief of the busts and figures. 



That the prince, whose medals are now before us, ruled and died at Nysa, is 

 established by the fact of twenty-seven (I think) of his copper coin, similar in 

 type to Fig. 26, having been extracted from his sepulchral monument in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Jellalabad by M. Martin. When we learn that this monarch's coins 

 are found generally over the Punjab and north-western provinces of India, even 

 to Benares, we form high notions of his extended empire, and conceive exalted 

 opinions of his talents, which are confirmed by the manly portrait disclosed on his 

 medals. We feel a pride in drawing from obscurity a line of princes, whose edicts 

 emanating from Nysa, would seem for a considerable period to have influenced the 

 political destinies of a large part of Asia. 



There are many points connected with these coins which deserve attention. On 

 the obverses we first observe the king's head, surrounded with rays ; we also here 

 first observe the trident ; an emblem to be found on all the succeeding coins of this 

 class we have to notice. I presume this to be an emblem of supreme authority, 

 but nothing more ; as such I believe it was borne by Neptune and other gods of 

 the Grecian mythology. On the reverse we have a horseman, a Bactrian Greek 

 emblem, and on many of the coins, as Fig. 26, the Greek characters of the legend 

 are much corrupted. On earlier coins of this prince, as Fig. 28, the legend is in 

 fair Greek, and varies, as not comprising the HErAC to be found in the first noted. 

 The earlier coins have also a much younger appearance, as Fig. 27. 



I hesitate whether to consider CUJTHPHHerAC, a name or an epithet, or a com- 

 pound of both. I incline to the latter, considering that CUJTHP be understood an 

 abbreviation of CUTHPDC and that H€rAC is the name of the prince : accordingly 

 on some of the coins as before noted, we find the legend only BACIAEflC 

 BACIAEUJN 2LITHP*. On the other hand, on the coins of a prince hereafter to be 

 noticed, we find CWTHPHETAC inserted apparently as an epithet. This prince 

 however we can scarcely suppose Greek. Persons more conversant in the Greqk 

 language than I am, must decide this point. 



Fig. 29, is a spirited and valuable coin ; we rejoice to behold the warlike king, 

 helmed after the manner of his Bactrian ancestors. On this we first observe a 



* This might have taught the author the real meaning of the inscription, but we pur. 

 posely avoid correcting the text. — Ed. 



