174 Memoir on the Ancient Coins of Kabul, &e. [April, 



Bactrian monarchy, about 130 A. C. we have the coins of at least fifteen, without 

 reckoning unappropiated ones — and if we suppose Kanerkos to be Kaniska, and 

 that he and his image preceded Kadphises, we have three if not four princes here ; 

 allowing upon an average fifteen years for the reign of each of the nineteen princes 

 we have a total of two hundred and eighty-five years, which calculating from 130 

 B. C. brings us to 155 A. D. : the remaining 45 years may very readily be granted 

 to unidentified Greek princes, and we shall have fair grounds for presuming the 

 era HOO to be that of Sakya, and that Kadphises reigned at Kabul about 200 A. D. 

 Figs. 10,11,& 12, Obverses. Princes sacrificing on altars. Legends corrupt Greek. 

 Reverses. Figure standing before cow, which looks to the left. 

 These are three from two hundred and fifty-four copper coins of various sizes 

 but similar types in my possession. I have not leisure to note all the observations 

 which arise from a consideration of these coins. That they refer to the series of 

 Kanerkos and Kadphises is evident fromthe presence of the altars, andif they be 

 Indo-Scythic, so are also these. While I so far agree with Schlegel and Col. Tod, 

 I must differ from them in considering the figures on the reverses to represent 

 " Siva and his bull Na.ndi." I know not what the bull may be, but the figure is 

 certainly female. These are the most numerous types of coins found in these coun- 

 tries. I think it probable they may be ultimately found to include those of several 

 princes. They vary in point of execution from tolerable to wretched ; the earliest 

 specimens, such as fig. 10, are of fair workmanship. 



Series No. 3. 

 Figs. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, & 18, Obverses. Princes standing. Legends corrupt Greek. 

 Reverses. Figures on elephants. Legends corrupt Greek. 

 These are six specimens from fifty-six copper coins of similar sizes and types in 

 my possession. The elephant on the reverse of these coins renders them easily 

 recognizable. On these coins, although the costume and attitude of the princes 

 are essentially the same with those of the two preceding series, yet the ab- 

 sence of the altars suffices to arrange them distinctly — the legends appear 

 to vary, but I think there can be little doubt but that the characters are 

 intended for Greek. On the coins of this and the other Indo-Scythic series the 

 exclusion of Pehlevi will be noted — the tridental staff and four-pronged symbol are 

 continued on this and the succeeding coins to be noticed. 

 Figs. 19, 20, & 21, Obverse. Princes standing. 



Reverse. Female figure seating on throne (?). 

 These are three from fifty-six copper coins of various sizes and similar types in 

 my possession — these coins evidently refer to the same line of princes as the former; 

 and the legends are as manifestly intended for Greek. 

 Fig. 22, Obverse. Prince standing. 



Reverse. Sitting female deity on clouds (?). 

 This is one from six copper coins of similar size and type in my possession. 

 Fig. 23, Obverse. Princes standing. 



Reverse. Female deity on throne, circles of glory around her feet. 

 This is one from one hundred and thirteen copper coins of similar type in my pos- 

 session. These coins, although so numerously found, afford no specimens more 

 perfect or intelligible than the one here represented, which will suffice to give a fair 

 idea of the type. 



I have no doubt but all these coins will be ultimately deciphered ; at present the 

 reverses enable us to note four distinct sets, it may be they will have to be subdi- 

 vided hereafter. 



