1834.] or Aborigines of Ntpdl. 219 



business of the world, became householders and the founders of several 

 towns and villages in Nepal ; whilst others, who adopted the ascetical 

 profession, dwelt in the forests and Vihars. When these Madhya- 

 desiyas had became numerous in Nepal, they and their descendants 

 were confounded with the former or northern colonists under the 

 common appellation of Nepali and Newari ; being only separated and 

 contradistinguished by the several trades and professions which they 

 hereditarily practised. Thus, in the early ages. Nepal had four classes 

 of secular people, as Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaisya, and Sudra, and four 

 ascetical classes, namely, Bhikshu, Sramana, Chailaka, and Arhanta, 

 dwelling in forests and monasteries ; and all were Buddh-mdrgi. 



Account of Dharmakar Raja and Dharmapdl Raja. 



Dharmakar, the before noted Chinese prince of Nepal, being dis- 

 gusted with the world, abandoned his sovereign power, and placed Dhar- 

 mapdl, the Raja of Gour-des, already mentioned, upon his throne. Dhar- 

 mapdl governedhis subjects with perfect justice and clemency, and made 

 puja at the Chaitya erected by Dharmakar, and regarded with equal 

 favour his subjects that came from Mount Sirsha [or Maha China], and 

 those who emigrated from Madhya-des. 



Account of Prachanda Deva. — Prachanda Deva, a Raja of Gour-des, 

 (which is adjacent to Madhya-des,) and of theKshetriya tribe, was the wise 

 man of his age and country. At length, being inspired with the ambition 

 of becoming nirvan, he abandoned his princely sway ; and taking with 

 him a few sages, he began to wander over various countries, visiting 

 all the shrines and pilgrimages, and in the course of his peregrinations 

 arrived at Nepal. He was delighted with the beauty of the country, 

 and having visited every tirtha, and pith, and devata, and having 

 made puja to the Tri Ratna, or triad, he went to the temple of Swo- 

 yambhu, and there performed his devotions. He then ascended Man- 

 ju sri Parvat, and offered his prayers to Manju Sri, and finished by be- 

 coming a disciple of Gunakar Bhiksau, a follower of Manju Sri. One 

 day Prachanda Deva so delighted Gunakar with the display of his ex- 

 cellent qualities, that Gunakar made him a Bhikshuka, and the said 

 Raja Prachanda after becoming a Bhikshu obtained the titular appellation 

 of Santa sri. A great many Brahmans and others who accompanied 

 Prachanda to Nepal received the tonsure, and became Bhikshus at the 

 same time with Prachanda, and took up their abode in the monasteries 

 of Nepal. Some others of those that came with Prachanda to Nepal, 

 preferring the pursuits of the world, continued to exercise them in Ne- 



X From Vach, speech. 



