1834.] the Ancient Ferghana ill Central Asia. 375 



arrival however no news had been received, when my informants left 

 their country about a year ago. 



With respect to the other great empire, China, which lies to the 

 eastward of this country, a good understanding seems to have existed 

 for many years between the two governments, until a circumstance 

 occurred about seven or eight years ago, which led to hostilities ; this 

 was the rebellion of Jehangir Khoja of Kashgar : this person, who 

 laid claim to the sovereignty of that country, and whose ancestors are 

 said previous to the Chinese conquest to have held the chief authority 

 there, having been worsted in some encounter with the Chinese, was 

 compelled to fly the country, and take refuge with the roving hordes 

 of Kirghiz subject to the Khan, and subsequently fell into the hands of 

 Muhammed Ali, who kept him under honorable restraint at his capital. 

 Je'ha'ngir having however effected his escape, made his way again 

 to the Kirghiz encampments, and having prevailed on them to join 

 him, invaded the Chinese territory. The sovereign of Kokan also being 

 irritated at the bad treatment shewn to the Muhammedan subjects of 

 Tartary by the Chinese authorities, advanced with his troops on Kash- 

 gar ; surprized the Chinese general in his cantonment near that 

 place, and cut up the Chinese army. The Khoja also got possession of 

 the city and fort of Kashgar ; subsequently the Khan's cavalry 

 over-ran the whole of Chinese Tartary, and got possession* ofYarkend, 

 Auksu, and Khoten. Jehangir Khoja however becoming jealous of the 

 Kha'n, and suspicious of treachery, drew off his troops in a northerly 

 direction, and a large Chinese force advancing, Muhammed Ah with- 

 drew to his own country. The rebel was eventually seized by the Chinese, 

 sent to the emperor, and cut to pieces in his presence. An envoy was 

 then sent from Pekin, (which the U'sbeks call Baujin,) to negotiate 

 peace, which was made on condition of the Muhammedans at Kashgar 

 being subjected to the rule of a deputy of the Khan in all matters of 

 religion, the Kha'n being allowed a share in the transit duties, and 

 binding himself to keep the Kirghiz in subjection, and to assist the 

 Chinese in case of any insurrection in Chinese Tartary in future ; ever 

 since which time, the two governments have been on the best terms, 

 and a reciprocal interchange of presents takes place. The present Chinese 

 Governor of Kashgar is a Muhammedan, called Yunis Wang. The 

 Chinese are said to keep a force of about twenty thousand infantry in 

 their Muhammedan dependencies in Tartary, of which ten thousand 

 are stationed at Kashgar. The Chinese troops are said to be stationed 

 in separate cantonments, which the U'sbeks term Gulbaghs, outside of 

 the towns. One of my informants had been at Kashgar, Yarkend, and 



* The Kha'n has hence taken the title of Ghazi or Victorious over infidels. 



