448 Continuation of Remarks on [Sept. 



is inserted in Wilson's Sanscrit dictionary as bearing the significa- 

 tion, ' without, except ; 2 many, various ; s double, or two-fold, as 

 ndndrasa, many-flavoured ; ndndrdga, many-coloured : — in the same way 

 we might read, knowing the close connection of the Zend with the 

 Sanscrit, rdo nana rdo ' royal doubly royal ;' which has so far a strict 

 analogy with rdjddhi raja — rex-super-rex. I am unable to offer any 

 more probable conjecture on the meaning of this word. 



The final designation korano, bears at first sight a strong resemblance 

 to the Greek Koipavo*' princeps, dominus : but as the introduction of a 

 word, seldom or never used in this sense upon coins, would imply an in- 

 creasing knowledge of a foreign tongue at the very time when in other 

 palpable instances it was falling into disuse and oblivion, such an expla- 

 nation cannot be allowed for a moment. The next analogy which strikes 

 the imagination is, to the modern title sdhib-i-qirdn, borne by three of 

 the Delhi monarchs, Timue, Shah Jehan andMuHAMMED Shah. The 

 explanation of this epithet has been given in various ways, as " lord of 

 the fortunate conjunction of the planets ;" " the august hero ;" " the 

 sovereign who has reigned through a certain term or lustrum," (10, 

 20, 30, 40, 80, or 120 years,) " lord of the horns or rays." In the latter 

 sense itbears an analogy to zii -I- karndin, the common title of Alexander 

 the Great, literally " aux comes," with the horns, in allusion to the horns 

 of Ammon depicted upon his head in most of his medals. Here again 

 is a connection not to be passed over unobserved with the application 

 of zu-l-akndf, " aux ailes," to the parallel instance of the winged head- 

 dress of Sapor in the Sassanian coin before described. 



Kir ana is Sanscrit as well as Persian : no doubt therefore some 

 derivative form of the same root will be found in the Zend : it signifies 

 a ray of light, a sun or moon beam : karana also signifies an interval 

 t)f time. It is probable therefore that the epithet korano may have 

 some reference to the designation of the Moghul emperors, who, it 

 may be remarked, brought it into Hindustan, though many centuries 

 afterwards, from the country which was the scene of Kanerki's rule. 



Of the word preceding korano, the variations in reading on different 

 coins are so great, OOH, OOMO, OMKO, &c. that I cannot venture an 

 opinion on the subject further than, as it appears also in the pure Greek 

 inscription of Kadphises' coin, it must probably form part of a proper 

 name. On the two Manikyala gold coins however, the reading is dis- 

 tinctly OOMPKI (or OOHPKI, for the H and M are nearly alike), while 

 on Carey's coin before described the initial is equally distinct, and the 

 testimony is strong infavor of reading it as KANHPKI, with the same 

 termination as is found on the well-preserved coin fig. 10, of Plate XXV. 



