478 Miscellaneous. [Sept. 



Another authority says, the people of Shuh, on the western side of China, use 

 hemp or linen to make paper ; the people of the Kast, in Fokin, use tender bam- 

 bus ; the people of the North, the bark of the mulberry ; others use the rattan ; 

 some, mosses or lichens ; some, the straw of wheat or other grains ; some, the 

 cocoon of the silk worm ; and others, the bark of the Chu-tree (syn. of Ruh), 

 the Brousonettia. 



Sha Che, or Crape Paper. 



This paper is brought from among the mountains of Nanking, in the province of 

 Kwang Se. 



In spring, duriug the first and second moons, they take the bark of a tree called 

 Ruh-muh (Brousonettia Papyrifera), and having pounded it, throw it into a stone 

 reservoir of pure water, where they leave it to steep till it is fit for use. They then 

 take it out with the sediment, and pouring into it cow-skin glue, boiled with water, 

 stir all together. Taking up this mixture with a mould of bambu screen of the 

 size required, they put it out into the sun to dry, and it becomes crape paper. 



The Chinese paper called touch-paper (or paper fuel) is made at the village call- 

 ed Peih Keang, a few miles from Canton, of the variety of bambu called Lang. 



At the beginning of summer, during the fourth and fifth moons, the young 

 sprouts of the bambu are cut off just as the leaves are beginning to grow, and, 

 having been beaten flat, are thrown into a lime-pit to steep for about a month. 

 They are then taken out, washed clean, and dried in the sun. After which, they are 

 pounded small, passed through a sieve, and laid up. The kernel of the Longan fruit 

 (Dimocarpus longan) is also used, being pounded small, dried in the sun, and pass- 

 ed like flour through a sieve. When making the paper, this powder is put into 

 clean water, stirred about, then taken up with a mould made of bambu screen, 

 and the water left to run off. It is after wards applied to a heated wall to dry, 

 and the paper is then complete. 



For coarser or finer paper, a coarser or finer mould is used. 



The person who made the drawings says, the bambu is cut into lengths of 

 about three feet, tied up into bundles of seventeen each, and put into running 

 water, where it stays six months. It is then put (in the same bundles) into pits 

 made in the ground, mixed with quick lime made from the shells of the Venus 

 Sinensis, pressed down with weights, and left for six months longer. The bundles 

 will have been thus soaked for twelve months : they are then taken out, cut into 

 short lengths, put into one of the usual Chinese pounding mills, and beaten down 

 into pulp ; being stirred occasionally, so as to present a new surface ; about four 

 hours' labour will break it down. 



Pits, twelve covids deep and ten long, contain 2000 bundles of seventeen pieces 

 each, weighing about 24 catty, or 32 pounds. 



Cisterns are about eight covids long,- in two partitions, two and six broad, and 

 two pailfuls of water are used to one of the pulp. 



King Yuca Paper. 



During the fourth moon, at the close of spring and commencement of summer, 

 the bambu shoots are cut off at the length of three or four covids, (14-625 inches,) 

 and the size of six or seven inches, and then thrown into a lime-pit to steep for 

 about a month. They are then taken up, washed clean, and bleached every day 

 till they are of the purest white ; after which, they are dried in the sun, pounded 

 small, and passed through a very fine sieve, and the finest and whitest part of the pow- 



