1834.] work in Arabic, by Sidi AM Capuddn. 547 



Fifth Chapter. — Of the calculations and the technical terms of mariners ; 

 1, of measurement in general, 2, of the fundamental measure; 3, of the mea- 

 surement of stars which rise and set together ; 4, of the names of the stars, 

 from which are taken the names of the rhumbs and points of the compass; 

 5, of the circuit of the two highest stars in Ursa Minor (Farkadain) round 

 the pole ; 6, of the lunar stations ; 7, requisites of the pilot ; 8, measures of 

 the most celebrated stars. 



Sixth Chapter — Of the measures of the most celebrated continents: 1, of the 

 difference of polar measures ; :, of the measurement by the north pole; 3, 

 of the measurement by the two highest stars in Ursa Minor (/3, y) ; 4, of the 

 measurement by the four stars of Ursa Major (*, £, y, 5.) 



Seventh Chapter.— .Q/" distances : I, of the original distances ; 2, of the 

 different manners of calculation ; 3, of the difference of distance for two 

 ships sailing on two different points of the compass ; 4, of the composition of 

 charts and maps ; 5, of the distances of certain places situated in the direc- 

 tion up to within one Esba (astronomical inch) from the pole ; 6, of the dis- 

 tances of some places between them. 



Eighth Chapter. — Of the winds and monsoons: 1, of the winds ; 2, of 

 the monsoons and their time ; 3, of the monsoon called headwind and mon- 

 soon of the olives, (Mausim saitiini*) ; 4, of the monsoon called by some 

 Damcniif and its time; 5, of the monsoon called the Eastern Sabu%, Ez;b§, 

 and Rihi qabul\\. 



Ninth Chapter. — Notice of certain islands and voyages, and the signs of 

 vicinity of land necessary to be known by pilots : I, of the islands of the Ara- 

 bian continent ; 2, of the islands of the Persian continent ; 3, of the voyages 

 along shore, and the signs of vicinity of land. 



Tenth Chapter. — Of accidents and dangers to be warded off by reason and 

 experience, and of hurricanes (Tufin) : 1, of accidents and dangers to be 

 warded off by reason and experience ; 2, of the hurricanes. 



The most interesting of these ten chapters are the fourth, on the 

 continents and islands, above and below the wind ; the eighth, on the 

 monsoons ; and the ninth, on the Indian voyages, wherein the direction 

 and steering of thirty voyages, with all the intermediate points, which 

 are to be touched on, or taken care of, are given in detail. As a spe- 

 cimen of the practical interest of this curious and useful book follows the 

 translation of the eighth chapter, on the monsoons, as being one of the 

 shortest, and not least interesting. 



Chapter VIII. — Of tee Winds and Monsoons. 



Section 1. Of the Winds. 

 The cause of the wind is the motion of the air ; don't you see that agitat- 

 ing a fan you do produce wind ? It is also produced by cold, as may be 



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