1834.] of Naning, in the Malayan Peninsula. 605 



sown. There is one crop a year. The inhabitants carry on a trade 

 ■with Malacca, in timber for house-building, and in fruit ; the rice is 

 generally used in home consumption. 



Garnbier, ratans, 21 varieties of Kaladi, jaggery, dammer, together 

 with a small quantity of pepper, pan and betel, marabow, compas, 

 ebony, and kamounin wood, with wood-oil, and a little inferior coffee 

 are likewise found ; pepper and garnbier were much more cultivated 

 than at present, the diminution is to be ascribed to the present low 

 prices these two articles bear in the market. 



Pepper to pay well ought to fetch seven dollars per picul, the price 

 now varies between five and six. Garnbier sells at 3 and 3^ dollars ; 

 it has been stated that Naning produces annually three hundred piculs 

 of tin, sixteen thousand gantams of paddy, and a quantity of coir-ropes, 



Sago, Nibang, Ranjow, Areca, and Jack trees are plentiful. 



I possess lists of ten different varieties of cocoanut trees, of which 

 the " Klapa Logie," a sweet cocoanut, is most esteemed. 



Also thirty-nine varieties of plantain, of which the " Pisang Berangan" 

 and " Pisang Raja" are the best ; the odoriferous Dorian is accounted 

 by Malays the first fruit in the world. There are two or three varieties 

 of it in Naning, of which the " Dorian Tambago," and the " Kapatah 

 Gajah," or the " Elephant's Head," are held thegreatest delicacies. The 

 Mangis or Mangosteen grows in Naning, an excellent fruit, of which 

 I do not hear that there is more than one variety ; Pine-apple, Rambo- 

 tan, (two varieties) the Duku, the Fampony, the Sangoeh, (three varie- 

 ties,) the Dalimah, and about fifty others, of which I have lists, as well 

 as most of the jungle trees, with the native mode of cultivation, which 

 for the sake of brevity are omitted. 



There are forty-five species of trees in the jungle, of which the fruit 

 is edible, and of which the Naningites availed themselves during the 

 late disturbances. There are fourteen varieties of oranges and lemons, 

 and sixteen varieties of yam, and twenty three of culinary vegetables. 



Naning produces most of the animals to be met with on the Malay 

 Peninsula ; amongst the principal of which are the elephant, rhino- 

 ceros, and tapir, (rare) a variety of tigers, tiger cats, leopards, monkeys, 

 bears, aligators, and guianas, and an endless variety of birds — the Ar- 

 gus pheasant, the peacock pheasant, rhinoceros-hornbill, humming birds, 

 and a large vampyre bat called the Kaluwang. Snipes are common ; 

 but the hare and common partridge are not to be met with. There are 

 a great variety of snakes, and one or two of deer ; two varieties exceed- 

 ingly minute, termed by the Malays the " Plandok" and Napu, the flesh 

 of which is dried and eaten. 



