898 ‘Second Report on the Geology of Hyderabad. ) [Ave. 
“ Of minutely divided matter separated by infiltration; viz. 
Carbonate, of lime, <):-\. 2) jab erste a eremiy sles bis. ores elegste wate ps at Piven $ 7 
Vegetable matter, destructible by heat, .......... slejasteioleresei ahs sail 
Oxidexof rons: ister nate keris leiic\oas oe ese\cue ckesiplieiavaloluncietelletelats 2.5 
Soluble matter, common salt, AES SHRM suslate aleiaietcacelenetene paiodon 4 
Bileeay sores sie celle eee we sete oes las ewe SS es Setsibiuesesam OD 
Aluininia, Vad. itiieaele sles Seles chloe webiste kikis old pi cidvalclataiela’ ¢ dhemtoletercge 8 
Loss 10.5 
Total. 480.0 
The soil of the basaltic trap country is generally very retentive of 
moisture, and accordingly those plants which do not require an artifi- 
cial supply of water are its principal productions: such are cotton, 
jovan (ligusticum ojwan), horse gram, Zea mays, carthamus tinctorius, 
ricinus communis, &c. &c. 
_ The iron clay in the environs of Beder is very sterile, and is so 
porous that all water percolates through it to the substratum, which is 
basalt ; from this cause it is that the wells at that place are deep. 
- The sandstone soil contains a considerable quantity of clay, and is 
retentive of moisture; irrigation is however employed for rice, and 
generally it may be said to MEANS of the nature of both the trap and 
granite soils. 
Above all others that I have hitherto seen, that arising from the de- 
composition of the clay slate marked B. in the map, is the richest and 
most spontaneously productive. 
On the tops of its mountains T saw the loftiest teak trees, and in its 
plains the most exuberant vegetation. 
The black alluvium found on the banks of all the rivers except the 
Moussa, which takes its rise in granitic country, is of the same nature 
with that which covers the trap mountains from the decomposition of 
which it arises. 
Rocks. 
The description of the soils naturally leads me to that of the rocks, 
of the debris of which they are composed. 
The granite is found of all shades of grey, from black to white ; the 
most predominant is reddish grey; these colours depend upon the fel- 
spar and the mica, and on the hornblende, which often occupies the 
place of and accompanies the mica, and is with difficulty distinguished 
from it. Compact felspar of a greenish tinge is a very common ingre- 
dient, and in ‘several places I‘have found’ carbonate of lime a consti- 
tuent ; the quantity, however, is generally small, and only to be detected 
by its effervescence in acids. A tuffaceous limestone is found through- 
