1833.] Area of Indian States. 489 
not the same as that used for the map) were previously weighed to ascertain the 
extent of variation to which such a mode of measurement would be liable: the re- 
sults were not very favorable, neither was the paper of such equal texture as might 
be fairly compared with that used for the map: the weights were as follows—(to 
the nearest hundredth of a grain,) apparently increasing towards the edges of the 
sheet. 
1 = 2.65 grains, 6 = 2.95 grains, 11 = 3.05 grains. 
2 = 2.65 7 == 2:90 12) 2:75 
3 == 2.65 8 = 2.90 13 = 2.65 
4 = 2.68 9 = 2.80 14 = 2.65 
5 = 2.80 10 = 3.10 15. =>,2.75 
Before setting to work on the states, an index or unit of 100 square degrees, cut 
from the same paper, was first weighed to serve as a divisor for the rest. 
The weighing process commenced in the driest part of the day, taking the whole 
of the papers together; thus the continent of India weighed 127.667 grains troy. 
The sum of the individual weights of the separate states was 127.773. The addition 
was proved to proceed from the hygrometric water absorbed towards the evening ; 
thus weighed, the British states weighed at first 74.366, at the conclusion 74.445 ; the 
native powers, at first 53.301 ; the sum of them weighed individually was 53.407 ; 
afterwards, weighed in groups 53,456, being later in the evening. In drawing out the 
table for calculation, proper corrections were applied to neutralize this source of 
error, but coupled with the previous examination of the texture of paper, it is 
sufficient to shew that the following table must be looked upon only as a rough 
approximation in the absence of better information. The superficial area of Hin- 
dustan, exclusive of the independent states of Nipal, Lahore, &c. according to 
HAmI ton, between the latitudes of 8° and 35° north,and the longitude of 68° and 
92° east, cannot be estimated at more than 1,280,000 English Square miles: and 
the portion belonging to the British and their allies, at 1,103,000: this estimate 
agrees very well with the present statement. 
Square miles. 
The area of the native states in alliance with the British Govern- 
ment was found to be, 
Mesheeoeitine To aa ae eT (CY ate ol 449,845 
That of the territory under British rule with the remaining small 
On a btentt Ses SL Sy ROCK AW TSEA SS yee ott ee 626,746 
Eyaperacial area of-all India,.:.:.:.''.1.'.°.'.'e'cele'e ab-ac cs comea Pe ot 1,076,591 
The extent of coast from Cape Negrais to the frontiers of Sinde is 3622 British 
miles, the breadth from Surat to Silhet, 1260 miles. 
Captain SUTHERLAND classifies the native states of India under the three fol- 
lowing heads : 
I.—Foreign, viz. Persia, Kabul, Senna, the Arab tribes, Siam, Acheen. 
Il.—External, on the frontier ; viz. Ava, Nepal, Lahore, Sinde. 
Il.—Internal, which are those included in the present list. All of these have 
relinquished political relations with one another and with all other States, They 
are, according to the nature of their relations or treaties with the English, divided 
into six classes : 
Firsr Crass. Treaties offensive and defensive : right on their part to claim 
protection, external and internal, from the British Government: right on its part 
to interfere in their internal affairs. 
2*h 
