Dec. 1833.] Specimens of Ornamental Forms of Persian Writing. 6)3 
Banas, Nos. 11,12, 13, or arrows, iron rods of various sizes and thickness, used 
according to the strength and courage of the Sanydsis, whose tongues and sides 
are bored, and the rods are let in, which they often move about. When it 
is perforated, the tongue and the rod rest upon the lower jaw, or are held between 
his teeth ; if it be heavy, another person holds the ends. 
Kupali, No. 14, is an iron rod or nail: the lower end is pointed, and is passed 
through the skin of the forehead, the man holding it close to his nose, or a ban- 
dage is tied round the head, to prevent it from falling ; a small lamp is attached to 
its top, which he burns on the day of Nila. 
Charak kanta, No. 15, or swinging hooks, }The Charaki, or one who swings, 
is often of the bearer caste, and cther people, not Sanydsis, volunteer for this 
act, through the effect of liquor. 
The skin of the back being drawn out, a perforation is made with a lancet, No. 16, 
on each side of the back-bone, and the hooks, No. 15, are let in; the twine attached 
to the hooks is tied to the rope, suspended to the Charak Gécha, No. 17. If the skin 
of the Sanyasi is thin, or he is weak, a bandage of cloth is tied round his chest, to 
prevent the hooks from giving way, as when they break the Sanydési falls, and is 
generally killed ; the standers by also are sometimes severely hurt. 
No. 18, 19, 20 and 21, Belkars, or lancets of various sizes and thickness: with 
these the skin is bored. These are not kept by the Sanydsis, but procured from cer- 
tain kumdrs (blacksmiths), who attend the place where the Sanydsis meet, and 
receive a certain fee, which varies from 2 annas to 2rupees for each subject. The 
lancets are of various sizes, and a number is always brought by the operator. 
Nagapasa, No. 22, two long pieces of iron, with a snake head, hooded top ; two of 
these are run into the neck and back of the head, and brought down to the waist ; 
each has two borings at least, one on the head skin and one on the back. The San- 
yasi whé can submit to this torture is considered a great hero, and when two simi- 
lar ones are put in, he cannot turn or bend his body without breaking the skin 
through which they are bored. 
There is also a head piece, No. 23, made of iron put upon the head ; it has3 to 
5 pieces fixed to it like the hoods of serpents. 
Charak Gach, No. 17, or a post, commonly of saul wood, for swinging : it is 
from 29 to 30 feet long, fixed into the ground, the upper part has a notch, or 
socket, called Mocha, B ; in which a movable pivot is let in, called Khakiyt. On 
this, a cross piece made of bambas 5 to 10 in number is tied up together, and placed 
across the Khakiyt ; to both ends of the cross thick ropes are suspended, one of which 
is tied to the hook, No. 15, and on which the Charaki swings. 
II.—Specimens of some Ornamental Forms of Persian Writing. By 
Maha Rajé Kali Kishen Behadir, of Calcutta. 
The accompanying: figures, representing some beautiful poetical 
inventions of the latest authors, are extracted and translated from a 
Persian book called ‘‘ Mujmua-us-sanayd,” (or Collection of Arts,) com. 
piled by NizAm-up-Di’n Aumep, son of Munammep S&niu, in the 
year 1060, Hejri. 
