1833.] and on the Fossil Bones collected on the Jamna. 631 
kankar shoal. But whether they become fossils in the clay, or whether, 
after becoming so in other spots, they were swept on, till lodged in the 
clefts of the clay, still remains a point to be ascertained. 
There is a probability in the former supposition, from the fossils 
found in clay being coloured throughout with its yellow tinge, whilst 
those dug up from gravel or kankar are of the greyish hue of these 
latter substances. If then the fossils are of the dates of the masses in 
which they were discovered, their age must be considerable, for the 
clay spoken of lies at great depth in the plain of the Doab, and must 
be a very early deposit. 
In regard to fossils—will substances, after having completed their 
change to that state in some other spot, acquire throughout their in- 
ternal structure the color of clays, in the clefts of which, after travel- 
ling from a distance, they may have found a fresh resting place? If 
they will, the difference of color in the fossils leads to no evident con- 
clusion on the preceding surmises, One curious particular seems 
established after repeated inquiries. The fossils marked 5 were taken 
out of clefts in clay which lay below a thick stratum of rock kankar. 
Still it is far from certain that the rock kankar was so entire, so free 
from fissures, as to permit of no other explanation than that of the 
fossils having been deposited or changed in the clay, before the forma- 
tion of the kankar which rested init. That clay is itself of great age, 
it is at the bottom of the river, 40 feet from the extreme height of the 
rise of the river in the rains, and from 100 to 150 below the plain of 
the Doab and Bundelkhand.” 
To these guarded remarks of Captain E. Smiru, every attention is 
due, and he deserves our best thanks for so impartially laying the 
circumstances of the Jamna fossils before us. It would seem to be 
pretty well established from his local observations, that many if 
not all of the fossils were first deposited in the clay stratum from 
100 to 150 feet below the plain of the Dodd, and under the general 
line of the kankar formation ; that upon the excavation of the present 
bed of the Jamna, many have been washed out of their original seats 
and removed to clefts in the ledges of rock in the bed of the river, and 
have been there mixed up with a fresher muddy deposit, and in some 
cases impregnated witha tint therefrom. That they belong to the 
former period, and that the kankar attached to them is also much more 
ancient than the present sands of the river, is rendered sufficiently evi- 
dent in some of the specimens by the large angular quartz and felspar 
gravel, cemented on to many of the bones. Some angular pebbles of 
