100 Celtic interpretation of Indo-Scythic Coins* [Feb. 



The ffor-np of the coins, according to my hook, should be kada-dao, 

 signifying Sauveur, Defenseur, which accords well with Tn^l. 



The peycur seems to read rarao — that is, ties grand, from '* ra — ■ 

 grand," duplicated, and therefore perhaps the vowel is repeated 

 *P!~ian ; or " ra, grand," and " re, pour le superlatif " thus, " bras 

 eleve;" " re-bras, fort eleve." Vide Celt. Vocab. 



Another coincidence and to conclude. A coin of Lysias has on 

 the Grtek side anIRhtO^— literally, " not-vanquished." On the op- 

 posite side of the coin is the native legend which you have rendered 

 " apatilu," for which the Vocabulaire gives — " ap, sans" — " atela, 

 combat, confusion." 



The instances of " ap" being used for " sans," or for the Greek 

 " a privatif" in the Celtic, are numerous, and the Zendavesta gives the 

 f llowing three instances : " apos — aposan — {ap — sans ; os — petite) — ■ 

 qui est sans cnfans ;" " apetiare — sans mal ;" " apotkar — quine parle 

 pas, {ap — sans ; padkar — paroles.") Vide Pehlevi Vocab. 



All this may appear to us very new, shut out as we are from access 

 to numerous glosses to be found mouldering on the shelves of every 

 national binary in Europe ; but we shall cease to be surprised when 

 we read that the author professes to have drawn his material from 

 such sources as " les restes del'ancien Indien, de l'ancien Persan, &c. 



It remains, however, to be regretted that the vocabulary is not 

 easier of being consulted by the reader, and still more tbat no refer- 

 ences are given to individual passages ; for in one place, at least, he 

 cites a word as belonging to the Bactrian language. 



Note. — We have with pleasure inserted Dr. Swiney's Celtic il- 

 lustrations, although we hardly think it was necessary to go so far 

 north for an explanation of our Indo-Scythic legends, when the San- 

 scrit, in most cases at least, furnishes as close an agreement : and the 

 connection of the Celtic with the latter has been traced by philologists 

 with as much plausibility, as the more obvious derivation from the 

 same source of the Greek, Latin, Teutonic and other European funda- 

 mental languages. Bad Dr. Swiney fallen upon the following passage 

 in Griffith's Animal Kingdom, order Ruminantia, page 411, which 

 has bv chance just met our eye, he might have found in it a wonderful 

 support of his theory: — " The cow is repeatedly a mystical type of the 

 earth in the systems of ancient Greece, or a form of Bhavani with 

 the Hindus, and still more marked in the lunar arkite worship of the 

 Celtic nation." The coincidence herewith the reverses on the inferior 

 Kadphises type of coins which bear the taurine figure surmounted by 

 the word OKPO, is sufficiently striking : yet we cannot imagine in it 

 more than un accidental similarity of words — so far, indeed, not fortuit- 



