1867.] the Western Himalaya and Afghan Mountains. 15 



have become low hills, whilst Sheikh Bodeen summit has nearly 

 retained its original height, and appears therefore to stand now as an 

 isolated summit in the middle of insignificant, low, ban-en and 

 crumpling sandstone and conglomerate hillocks. 



Sheikh Bodeen hill (not range) is mostly composed of Jurassic 

 limestone, excessively shattered from having been thrown into a 

 succession of very sharp anticlinals. The anticlinals are separated by 

 faults which run from W. S. W. to E. N. E. The following diagram 

 sections are from the N. N. W. to the S. S. E. 



Sections V and VI General Map. 



The section in the distance is about a mile north of the section 

 through Sheikh Bodeen Hill. Jurassic limestone is at least 800 feet 

 thick ; it is rich in fossils which are, however, seldom well preserved. 

 The lower beds contain Belemnites, Ostreaa, Bhynchonellaj and 

 Terebratulaa in great abundance, especially in and near some ferrugi- 

 nous sandy beds. Shaly beds are full of petrified branches of trees. 

 The limestone is sandy and impure ; along the great cliff facing the 

 S. S. E and formed by the removal of half the arch of an anticlinal 

 (see section, marked cliff) some very fine specimens of ripple-marking 

 are exhibited on a large scale. Ammonites are also found, but very 

 much broken. Cariophyllides and an Astrcea are the commonest corals. 

 Two or three species of Pholadomya are tolerably abundant. In the 

 uppermost beds I have found a Nerincea, very likely the N. Bran-, 

 trutana (Thuma) of the coralline. In both the lower and upper beds 

 the mineral characters appear to be identical, and many species of 

 fossils are common to both, especially Bhynchonellae, of which no less 

 than ten species are abundant. In the lower beds I have found eight 

 species of Terebratidce with short loops, or true Terebratidai. The 

 Belemnites are three or four species, of which a thick one like the 

 B. sidcatus, a grooved species like the B. canaliculars, and a hastate 

 species like the B. hastatus are the most abundant. Gasteropoda are 

 extremely abundant in some beds, most especially a species of Acteonina ; 

 a few encrinite stems were found, but no heads. 



