32 Dr. Verchere on the Geology of Kashmir, [No. 1, 



This Mount Sirbim forms the left side of the Abbottabad valley. Following 

 the slopes of this hill, we find beds of quartzite, similar to No. 2 of the above 

 section, reappearing three or four times in short anticlinals ; above it are beds 

 of limestone containing a few fossils, principally casts of gasteropods. This 

 limestone is often strongly oolitic in structure, but presents also the very 

 unusual appearance of resembling beds of travertin which had been entombed 

 in a calcareous mud after their formation, so that the cavities of the travertin 

 have become filled up with a limestone less hard than the original deposit. I 

 have usually regarded these beds as fresh-water origin near a low coast, and 

 referred them, in a general and provisional way, to the Jurassic ; of course 

 this is doubtful. 



70. On the lower road from Marree to Abbottabad, near the 

 village of Sayd Kote, great disturbances are observed, and rocks of 

 a geyserian nature make their appearance about half way between 

 Sayd Kote and the Dowr river. They are principally a chocolate- 

 coloured sandstone, becoming coated by weathering on the surface as 

 well as in the joints, with a shining dark incrustation. It is much 

 jointed and breaks in prismatic blocks. A great quantity of dark 

 boulders of this rock may be seen in the bed of the river Dowr. It 

 appears to be similar to some variety of dust-rock or sandy ash or 

 earthy ash seen in Kashmir. It is capped by a bed of quartzite com- 

 posed of large, opaque, angular grains of quartz, jammed together and 

 cemented by a feldspathose white paste of which there is very little,, 

 Angular grains of black augite are sparingly disseminated in the rock. 

 Under the brown sandstone is seen a thick bed of crumbling clay 

 slate, very dark and foliated. This is the lowest bed seen. These 

 three beds, viz., slate, sandstone and quartzite conform together in 

 their dip and are capped by a patchy limestone of doubtful age, and 

 interbedded with grey soft slate. There is much kunkur near the 

 locality. 



At Sayd Kote the limestones are wonderfully disturbed : beds- 

 having the appearance of Xothair limestone and containing a great 

 number of gasteropods and cyathophyllides are seen repeatedly, as the 

 road crosses nearly perpendicular beds which are much faulted. 

 Nummulitic limestone appears to cover in directly the carboniferous (?) 

 beds ? ? 



Again on the upper road from Murree to Abbottabad, at the bottom 

 of the ravine under Doonga Gully, volcanic or rather geyserian rocks 

 are to be seen. They consist of a very white and friable rock com- 



