8 Vestiges of Three Royal Lines of Kanyahulja, Sfc. [No. 1. 



Devapala's date, accordingly as it is computed in Samvat, or in S'aka, 

 is equivalent to A. D. 968, or to A. D. 1103. On the theory, that 

 we have here to do with the rulers of Kanauj, the fact, that Vinaya- 

 kapala is passed by unnoticed, may be accounted for by supposing, 

 that, in his reign, benefactions to the Gwalior temple were inter- 

 mitted. Indeed, it would be unsafe to affirm, that his name may 

 not lurk, undetected, in the waste of incoherence which divides Ma- 

 hendrapala from Kshitipala. If Kanauj at any period reached as far 

 as Benares in one direction, and as far as Gwalior in another, it must 

 have been a sovereignty of first-class dimensions.* 



We now come to the last line of Kanauj Hindu kings, with any 

 propriety so entitled.f Little more has transpired, regarding them, 

 than their appellations ; and some of the years in which they held 

 power, with exception of the first. 

 I. Chandra. 

 II. Madanapala, son of C. A. D. 1097. 



III. Govindachandra, son of M. A. D. 1120 and 1125. 



IV. Vijayachandra, son of G. A. D. 1163.+ 



V. Jayachandra, son of V. A. D. 1177, 1179, and 1186. 

 Chandra, who conquered Kanauj, was son of Mahfchandra, son of 

 Yas'ovigraha. It is doubtful whether Yas'ovigraha was a king ; and 

 whether, if so, he is to be identified with one of two magnates 



* Benares, when the inscription from Sarnath was written, was a dependency- 

 of Gauda. That inscription, which — provided the printed copy is trustworthy, — 

 exhibits the names of Kings Mahipala, Sthirapala, and Vasantapala, is dated in a 

 year 1083. Reckoned from Vikramaditya, this is equal to A. D. 1026 ; and to A. D. 

 1161, reckoned from S'alivahana. If A. D. 1026 be its true time, Benares passed 

 from the possession of the rulers of Kanauj antecedently to the invasion of 

 Chandra. See the Asiatic Researches, Vol. V., octavo edition, pp. 131, etc. 



For an inscription still inedited,see the Asiatic Researches, Vol. XVII., p. 621. 

 It came from Jhoosee, across the Ganges from Allahabad. I write with the 

 plate before me : but so numerous and so grave are its errors, that I shall not 

 adventure a full translation. It contains a land-grant, the donor of which, King 

 Vijayapala, son of Adyapala, son of Trilochanapala, — seems to have lived on the 

 banks of the Ganges, near Prayaga: STSJTJI^ftq'JTlTfrST ' Pratishthana is men- 

 tioned in it. The date is Samvat 1084, S'ravana, vadi 4. 



It should appear, therefore, that, already in the eleventh century, there were 

 independent chieftains intermediate to Kanauj and Benares. 



No equally early instance has, I believe, before been met with, in Sanskrit, of 

 Prayaga as naming the confluence of the Ganges and Jumna. But Prayaga was 

 familiar to Albiruui. 



t See my paper on this family, in this Journal, for 1858, pp. 217-250. 



J "With him synchronized a reputed tyrant, Hammira. Captain Fell con- 

 founds this Hammira with Hammira of S'akambhari, who lived in the fourteenth 

 century ; and he misreads Col. Wilford. See the Asiatic Researches, Vol. XV., 

 pp. 444, 448, and 455 j and Vol. IX., pp. 188, 189. 



