1862.] Vestiges of Three Royal Lines of Kanyakubja, fyc. 9 



named Vigraha.* As for Jayacbandra, he was defeated, and his 

 monarchy completely overthrown, by Shihabuddin, in A. D. 1191-t 



Apart from the personages of whom I have been treating, detached 

 kings of Kanauj, as mere names, are not unknown to investigators 

 into the past history of India. In the main, however, great uncer- 

 tainty invests all that has been asserted of them ; and, furthermore, 

 it does not fall within the programme of this paper to make them 

 the subject of special inquiry. J 



Considering the illustrious station which Kanauj long maintained 

 among Indian cities, we should expect to be able to refer to it a fair 



* See this Journal, for 1858, pp. 217, 218, foot-note. 



t " Jayachandra went on a pilgrimage to Sinhala (Ceylon), and received from 

 Virabhadra, King of Sinhala (whom, by the bye, he conquered) a most beautiful 

 female. Prithiviraja, (commonly called Pithaura), the last prince of the Chau- 

 han dynasty, already enraged at Jayachandra, from a supposed assumption of 

 having undertaken a sacrifice at which Prithiviraja ought to have been allowed to 

 preside, was exasperated at this ; and a long and bloody war took place between 

 the parties. This lasted until Anno Domini 1192, when Shihabuddin invaded 

 the dominions of Pithaura : Jayachandra entered into a league with the invader, 

 and Pithaura was slain in a desperate battle fought on the plains of Thanesar. 

 The alliance between Shihabuddin and Jayachandra did not last long ; for, in 

 the year 1194, a great battle was fought between them, near Etawa, in which 

 Jayachandra's army was totally routed ; he himself was obliged to flee, and, in 

 attempting to cross the Ganges in a small boat, was drowned." Captain Fell, in 

 the Asiatic Researches, Vol. XV., pp. 456, 457. But compare Vol. IX., pp. 

 171, 172 ; and the Ayin-i-Akbari, Vol. II., pp. 97-99. 



According to the Rauzatu-t-tdhirin, Shihabuddin captured three hundred 

 elephants from the Raja of Kanauj. See Sir H. M. Elliot's Bibliographical 

 Index to the Historians of Muhammedan India, Vol. I., p. 301. 



X In Kshemankara's Jaina version, in Sanskrit, of the Sinhdsana-dwdtrins'ati, 

 it is stated, that there was a Raja Marunda, of Kanyakubja, whose ghostly ad r 

 viser was Padalipta Siiri. In the Kathd-kos'a, another Jaina work, Palitta, — 

 the Prakrit form of Padalipta, — founder of the city of Palitana, is said to have 

 instructed Raja Murunda : but this prince's place of residence is not mentioned. 

 He has not, I think, hitherto fallen under any one's notice. It will have been 

 observed, that the name is variously spelled. 



One Yas'ovarman, king of Kanauj, is said, in the Rdja-tarangini, to have been 

 dispossessed of his dominions by Lalitaditya, sovereign of Cashmere. This 

 subjugation Professor Wilson, who surmises that it could have been but tempor- 

 ary, assigns to the first half of the eighth century. But the chronology of the 

 Rdja-tarangini stands, in general, in much need of adjustment. Asiatic Re- 

 searches, Vol. XV., pp. 45, 463. 



Virasinha is reported to have been the king of Kanauj who sent to Bengal the 

 ancestors of its present Brahmans. See this Journal, for 1834, p. 339, foot- 

 note ; and Third Series of Papers grounded upon the General Reality of the 

 Raurdnilca Characters, &c. Tellamor, Masuri : 1856. 



They were invited by " Adis'wara, king of Gauda, who is said to have reigned 

 about nine hundred years after Christ." Colebrooke's Miscellaneous Essays, Vol. 

 II., pp. 187, 188. Colebrooke originally wrote " Adisura," " who is said to 

 have reigned about three hundred years before Christ." Asiatic Researches, Vol. 

 V., octavo edition, p. 64. 



Colonels Wilford and Tod, the Muhammadan writers, and the numismatists, 

 as contributors to our knowledge of Kanauj, need not detain us. 



