166 A Memoir on tlie living Asiatic Species of Rhinoceros. [No. 2, 



second black African species, the Eh. keitloa, A. Smith (long pre- 

 viously indicated by Sir J. Barrow by the name Jeklod), and a 

 second white African Rhinoceros, the (Eh. Osweleii, Elliot), — 

 besides the Eh. Crossii, Gray (founded on the horn only, and the 

 habitat of which is unknown) ; and of Hippopotamus, the species 

 of N. and S. Africa, respectively, are distinguished by Dr. Leidy and 

 others (sinking H. senegalensis, auct., as a synonyme of the form- 

 er), and there is also the H. or Chceeopsis libeeiensis, which is a 

 most undoubted species, considered — as we have seen — entitled to 

 generic rank by Dr. Leidy. Whether external differences exist between 

 the great Hippopotami of N. and S. Africa, remains to be shewn ; 

 as also in the case of the European and American Beavers, which 

 Owen separated on accotmt of differences in the configuration of the 

 skull : in another animal first so discriminated, the Phascalomys ba- 

 tifeons, Owen, good external distinctions have since been discover- 

 ed, which characterize it well apart from the Ph. wombat. Of other 

 Pacliyclermata of Cuvier, more Eqtji (of the Asinine type) have been 

 added to the list ; and several species of Swine. Among the Bovine 

 ruminants, the three species of flat-horned Taurine cattle proper to 

 S. E. Asia have only recently been properly distinguished ; # also the 

 Bttbalus beachycebos of intertropical Africa ; and there are others 

 (as I believe) not yet sufficiently established, and more species also 

 of large Deer and Antelopes. Among the Camivora, no animal wor- 

 thy of much note, unless Plwcidce (as might have been expected) ; 

 and ditto with Cetacea — my Bal^jtopteea indica for example 

 (which is perhaps the largest of existing animals, — but these latter 



Prof. Owen, in his late minute — c On a National Museum of Natural History,' 

 (which I have only seen since penning the above,) writing of this genus, re- 

 marks — " There is also a two-horned Rhinoceros in Sumatra ; and the Rhino- 

 ceros of continental India is one-horned, as is that of the island of Java." He 

 would appear thus to consider the Eh. sokdaicus and Rh. sumateanus as 

 exclusively insular species. He further adds that — " The two-horned Rhinoceros of 

 Sumatra offers, of all living Rhinoceroses, the nearest resemblance to certain 

 fossil kinds found in Europe. When half-grown, this Rhinoceros retains a con- 

 spicuous coat of short, straight, bristly hair. It is generally known that one, at 

 least, of the extinct European Rhinoceroses [Rh. tichobhinus] was covered 

 with hair when full-grown. * * * What I have said of the Rhinoceros applies 

 to the Elephant. Bishop Heber's first announcement of the young hairy Ele- 

 phant which he met with in the Himalaya mountains excited much surprise. 

 This character, transitional in the modern Elephant, was persistent in the 

 Mammoth, or northern Europeo-Asiatic Elephant." The Rhinoceros TICHO- 

 BHINUS, it may however be noticed, is stated to have had no skin-folds. 



* Dr. S. Miillcr unites the three in his description of Eos SONDAicus ! 



