1862.] An account of Upper and Lower Suwdt. 277 



to see a primitive description of lantern in Suwat, something on 

 the plan of English ones, although, of course, not copied from them. 

 It consists of a wooden frame covered with huffalo bladder, or the 

 skin of the pardali or membraneous covering of the stomach of 

 animals, stretched over it whilst damp, with a place for oil in the 

 centre. By the light of these one can see to read very well ; and 

 during my journey in Suwat I had often to read books by their 

 light. 



There are no camels to be found in Suwat ; but there are horses, 

 mules, asses, bullocks, oxen, cows, and buffaloes. Oxen, mules, and asses 

 are the beasts of burden. There are also dogs, cats, rats, and mice, 

 as in most countries, pigeons, and fowls, which latter are bred in 

 great numbers. There are no sheep of the dumbali or fat-tail species, 

 only the common description of that animal; but there are goats' of 

 superior kind. The rivers also contain fish, which, however, do not 

 appear to be used for food. 



The feathered game consists of water-fowl in great numbers, par- 

 tridges, both grey and black, and quail. There is no waste land to 

 shelter game in Lower Suwat, except in the hills on either side, 

 where animals of the chase abound ; but in Upper Suwat, and in the 

 Kohistan further north, the case is different. 



The only wild animals, in Lower Suwat, are jackals and foxes, 

 which are not numerous. 



The chief reptiles and insects are snakes, scorpions, sand-flies, 

 brorrahs, mangurrus, or bugs, musquitos, and fleas, from which 

 Heaven defend us ! they are more numerous than the flies of Pesha- 

 war. The brorrah is a species of worm or insect, — a sort of wood- 

 louse — something in the shape of a bug but larger, generally infest- 

 ing mosques and houses where there are old mats lying about. 

 After biting a person, the bitten place becomes red and inflamed. 

 The khamanduk of Kabul and KaMt-i-Baluch is a different insect. 

 I slept outside a village, in the plain, on one occasion ; but it was 

 all the same : the ground was grassy, and I could not sleep for the 

 fleas. 



The principal articles imported into Suwat are, salt, which the 

 Khattaks bring there, from the Salt Range, for sale ; and a few 

 articles of British manufacture, consisting of cotton goods generally, 

 such as calicos, twills, and muslins ; together with little coarse blue 



