376 The ChdrvdJca System of Philosophy. [No. 4, 



intelligence remains."* Therefore the soul is only the body distin- 

 guished b} r the attribute of intelligence, since there is no evidence 

 for any soul distinct from the body, as such cannot be proved, since 

 this school holds that perception is the only source of knowledge and 

 does not allow inference, &c. 



The only end of man is enjoyment produced by sensual pleasures. 

 Nor may you say that such cannot be called the end of man as they 

 are always mixed with some kind of pain, — because it is our wisdom 

 to enjoy the pure pleasure as far as we can, and to avoid the pain 

 which inevitably accompanies it ; just as the man who desires fish, 

 takes the fish with their scales and bones, and having taken as many 

 as he wants, desists ; or just as the man who desires rice, takes the 

 rice, straw and all, and having taken as much as he wants, desists. 

 It is not therefore for us, through- a fear of pain, to reject the plea- 

 sure which our nature instinctively recognises as congenial. Men 

 do not refrain from sowing rice, because forsooth there are wild 

 animals to devour it ; nor do they refuse to set the cooking-pots on the 

 fire, because forsooth there are beggars to pester us for a share of the 

 contents. If any one were so timid as to forsake a visible pleasure, 

 he would indeed be foolish like a beast, as has been said by the poet, 



The pleasure which, arises to men from contact with sensible objects 



Is to be relinquished as accompanied by pain, — such is the reasoning of 



fools ; 

 The berries of paddy, rich with the finest white grains, 



What man, seeking his true interest, would fling away, because covered with 

 husk and dust ?f 

 If you object, that, if there be no such thing as happiness in a 

 future world, then how will men of experienced wisdom engage 

 in the agnihotra and other sacrifices, which can only be performed 

 with great expenditure of money and bodily fatigue ? — your objection 

 cannot be accepted as any proof to the contrary, since the agnihotra, 

 &c, are only useful as means of livelihood, for the Veda is tainted by 

 the three faults of untruth, self-contradiction and tautology ;£ then 



* Of course S'ankara, in his commentary, gives a very different interpretation, 

 applying it to the cessation of individual existence when the knowledge of the 

 Supreme is once attained. Cf. S'abara's Comm. Jaimini Siit. i. i. 5. 



f I take 3fftjr as here equal to ^\S. — Cf. Atharva V. xi. 3, 5. ^^p ^f^T t\\^- 

 X See Nvaya Sutras, IL 57. 



