1879.] G. A. Grierson — Some Further Notes on Kalidasa. 37 



forced himself into his presence and made a most profound obeisance. In- 

 dignant at the interruption, Dalian ordered him to leave the place, hut 

 Kalidasa pacified him by a string of far-fetched compliments, and he at 

 length condescended to ask the new-comer his business. Kalidasa replied 

 that he was a poor poet from the south, who did not know the manners 

 and customs of Dhara, and that he wished to be introduced to king Bhoja. 

 Dalian asked if he had ever composed anything in Sanskrit. Kalidasa 

 replied, "a little," and that he was prepared to give an example there and 

 then. It was as follows : — 



^f€^T *rfo ^rw m* *m^ i 

 w> f«ra f<*jw ^ir ?st; wsiw^ ii 



This remarkable composition Kalidasa translated as meaning. " The 

 cuckoo sings in the city and in the forest, and a woman keeps pounding 

 sandal wood, and says I cannot bear my life. Separated from my beloved 

 one, my heart goes pit-a-pat." 



To understand this ludicrous mixture of pedantic and ignorant mis- 

 takes some explanation is necessary. The following verse occurs in the 

 Amarahosha, " ^-rfsf^: qK^rp ^Tfan$P fvw T^lfV "the cuckoo is also 

 (T^ffa) called pika and other names." Kalidasa, however, represents him- 

 self as thinking that the meaning is that Jcokila, pilca and ityapi are all 

 synonymous terms. In ^3»*;f?r there are three mistakes. Kalidasa meant 

 to say 3TTTfff , mistranslating it as " sings." The verb ?J " to make" is 

 marked in the Dhdtupdthas as " ^"lisr ," in which ^g" and "5? are anuban- 

 dhas or indicatory letters, which form no part of the root and only draw 

 attention to certain peculiarities of conjugation. Kalidasa, however, repre- 

 sents himself as thinking that only 'ST is an anubandha, and that " W&" is 

 a ready made root of the first class meaning " to sing." With regard to 

 qt%^T, the following verse occurs in the AmaraJcosha : 



That is to say, " Of the following five names of celestial trees, the 

 manddra, the par ij at alca, the santdna, and the halpavriJcsha are masculine 

 while the hariohandana is optionally neuter." Kalidasa, however, took 

 " punsi vd" as being a synonym for " Jiarichandana" or " yellow sandal- 

 wood." The words " ^far qf% ^T3J ^3W" are Hindi. With regard to WHT, 

 the " ^f«r?TT *rf%^TT fT«Tl" of the Amarahosha led Kalidasa to represent him- 



