78 



CONCHOLOGY. 



Fontinalis, 



Tentacula- 

 ta, 



Univalve?, denly terminating in a small point; colour olive green, 

 > —'Y""'"' with three brownish bands on the body ; aperture sub- 

 orbicular; operculum corneus, pellucid, and wrinkled 

 concentrically ; length rarely an inch and a half. 

 Brit.' Zool. tab. 84, fig. 132. 

 Brit. Shells, tab. 87. 

 The animal is dusky black, thickly speckled with 

 orange-yellow ; the snout is produced. This species is 

 viviparous. Found in the Thames, and streams commu- 

 nicating with that river ; also in the Stour, Dorsetshire. 



11. Foniinalis. Shell thin, sub-pellucid; horn-co- 

 loured, with four or five much rounded, prominent, 

 smooth whorls ; apex obtuse ; aperture perfectly orbi- 

 cular ; lips thin ; inner lip slightly attached to the body 

 whorl ; pillar cavity deep ; operculum corneus with a 

 small knob in the centre ; length and breadth nearly 

 the same, rarely exceeding a quarter of an inch. 



Brit. Shells, tab. 102. 

 The animal has two tentacula placed as usual, an- 

 other on the right side, and on the middle of the hind 

 head a pellucid plumose appendage. Common in Eng- 

 land and Scotland in deep pools and stagnant waters. 

 This species has changed its place in the system of 

 conchology repeatedly, having, in succession, been pla- 

 ced in the genera Helix, Nerita, Trochus, and Turbo; 

 thus intimating its remote connection with all of them. 



12. Tentaculata. Shell smooth, conic ; horn-colour- 

 ed, with six rounded spires, divided by a deep separa- 

 ting line ; apex pointed ; mouth sub-orbicular, contract- 

 ed at the upper part; outer lip moderately strong; 

 operculum testaceous, concentrically wrinkled; length 

 half an inch ; breadth a quarter. 



Brit. Zool. tab. 86, fig. 140, Helix tentaculata, 



&c. 

 Brit. Shells, tab. 93. 

 Animal pale, with two very long slender setaceous 

 tentacula, which are continually in motion ; at the base 

 of these are situated the eyes. It is a common species 

 in England, in most slow rivers and stagnant waters. 



13. Eleganli.'sima. Shell with thirteen flat spires, 

 long, taper ; volutions cut into regular equidistant fur- 

 rows ; aperture a little angulated at the upper and low- 

 er parts ; length about a quarter of an inch. 



Test. Brit. tab. 10, fig. 2. 

 On the English coast not uncommon ; also found at 

 Dunbar by Mr Laskey. 



14. Lubrica. Shell smooth, glossy, pellucid, horn 

 coloured, with six spires very little rounded, and not 

 much raised ; apex rather obtuse ; mouth oval ; outer 

 lip rather thick ; length a quarter of an inch ; breadth 

 One-third of its length. 



Test. Brit. tab. 22, fig. 6. 

 Lin. Trans, vol. viii. tab. 5, fig. 11. 

 This shell is very easily distinguished when alive by 

 its extreme glossiness. It resides in moist woods, among 

 moss, or under decayed wood. It is a very common 

 British shell. 



1 5. Obscura. Shell sub-cylindric, opake, brown, with 

 about seven spires, a little rounded, and well defined 

 by the separating line.; whorls wrinkled longitudinally; 

 mouth oval, marginated white ; length three-eighths of 

 an inch ; breadth more than one-third of its length. 



Test. Brit. tab. 22, fig. 5. 

 Lin. Trans, vol. viii. tab. 5, fig. 1 1 . 

 This animal inhabits the same places with the prece- 

 ding. We have likewise observed it, particularly on 

 Arthur's Seat near Edinburgh, on the sides of stones, 

 and in the winter under them. A British shell not un- 

 common, 



Elegantis6i 

 ma, 



Lubrica, 



Obscura, 



16. Subcijlindrica. Shell cylindric, imperforated, Univalvei. 

 subpellucid, light chesnut coloured, with four spires, —"^"7"" / 

 terminating in an obtuse, smooth, button-like whorl, as SubcyliB. 

 if truncated ; the volutions a little rounded, and well ' 



defined by the separating line ; furnished with close set 

 rib-like longitudinal striae; mouth oval; length a quar- 

 ter of an inch. 



Pit It. LI. Dorset, tab. 19, fig. 8. 



According to Dr Pulteney, this shell is found on wa- 

 ter plants in rivers and ponds in Dorsetshire. Suspi- 

 cions are generally entertained, that the Doctor, in re- 

 spect to this shell, was deceived. We have found his 

 shell in the Frith of Forth, but still not in a situation 

 to enable us to determine with absolute certainty, whe- 

 ther it is a sea or land species. It was found, along 

 with fragments of sea-shells, in the cavity of a dead 

 Echinus lacunosus. 



17- Fasciata. Shell thin, taper, with nine spires, a Fasciata,,, 

 little rounded, but not much raised ; apex moderately 

 pointed ; whorls wi'inkled across ; colour white, longi- 

 tudinally striated with brown; length nearly three 

 quarters of an inch ; breadth a quarter. 

 Brit. Zool. tab. 82, fig. 119. 

 Brit. Shells, tab. 18. 



Found in great profusion in some places near the 

 south coast of England, on sandy soil. It has likewise 

 been found in Scotland by Mr Hansen at Iona. 



18. Lackhamensis. Shell sub-pellucid, of a dull rus- Lackha- 

 ty brown colour ; wrinkled longitudinally; volutions mensis, 

 seven, nearly flat, but well defined by the separating 



line ; the three or four first whorls sub-cylindrical, the 

 rest more suddenly taper to an obtuse point ; mouth 

 marginated ; length five-eighths of an inch ; breadth a 

 quarter. 



Test. Brit. tab. 11, fig. 3. 

 Found by Mr Montagu in a moist wood at Lackham 

 in Wiltshire. 



19. Octona. Shell with eight whorls; mouth nearly Octona, 

 orbicular ; about the size of a gram of rye, and of a 

 horn-colour. 



Pult. H. Dorset, tab. 18, fig. 8. 



Lin. Trans, vol. viii. fig. 10. 

 This species is inserted solely on Dr Pulteney's au- 

 thority. " He says, " I have only found it dead, and 

 in a bleached state, but otherwise perfect." 



20. Octanfracta. Shell pellucid, horn-coloured, with octanfrac- 

 seven or eight smooth or very finely wrinkled slender ta, 

 spires, gradually tapering to a fine point ; the volutions 



are rather flat, but well defined by the separating line ; 

 mouth oval ; outer-lip very thin ; length about five- 

 eighths, breadth two-tenths of an inch. 



Test. Brit. tab. 11. fig. 8. Helix octanfracta. 

 This shell is probably the Helix octana of Pennant. 

 It is rather a rare English shell ; and, in Scotland, we 

 have only observed it in ditches, in the upland parts of 

 Linlithgowshire. It occasionally, as we have noticed, 

 climbs up the stalks and leaves of aquatic plants, and, 

 in being thus amphibious, resembles the L.fossaria. 



2 1 . Polita. Shell strong white, glossy, smooth ; vo- p Hta, 

 lutions from nine to thirteen, flat and scarcely separa- 

 ted ; slender and gradually tapering to a fine point ; 

 aperture oval, and forming a contraction at the upper 



end ; outer lip rather thick ; length five-eighths of an 

 inch, breadth two-tenths. 



Brit. Shells, tab. 177. 

 Found sparingly on the western coasts of England. 

 Mr Laskey has found it at Dunbar. 



22. Decussala. Shell slender, white, with eight or Decussata, 

 nine spires tapering to a fine point ; whorls striated 



