C R E 



Creiiiton. 



granmer made no scruples upon these occasions, we perhaps 

 would never have blamed him, though his candour and 

 integrity would have been less. The prudence, mo- 

 deration, and generosity, which never failed to shed a 

 dignity over his political conduct, will not atone for the 

 imprisonment of the Catholics, far less for the death of 

 Joan of Kent. His acts of persecution, however, must, 

 in some measure, be imputed to the age in which he 

 lived, and the church in which he was educated ; and 

 we cannot suppress a remark, which forcibly struck us 

 when recording his interview with Edward, when he 

 signed the wan-ant for Bocher's execution, that the 

 youthful mind of that prince, who had imbibed without 

 mixture the pure doctrines of scripture, felt the gener- 

 ous and liberal spirit of Christianity more than the 

 learned and venerable Archbishop, whose mind still re- 

 tained the traces and the temper of opinions, which had 

 been deeply impressed upon it in a darker age. We 

 can enter too into all his feelings, and sympathize with 

 the weakness of human constancy, yet when we consi- 

 der the distinguished eminence on which he stood in 

 society, we are astonished that he could stoop to pur- 

 chase the very dregs of life by an abjuration of princi- 

 ple; and we turn with a melancholy triumph to the 

 noble and undaunted fortitude, which his closing scene 

 presented to obliterate the remembrance of his fall. See 

 Gilpin's Life of Cranmer. Bloomfield's History of the 

 Martyrs. Fox's Marlyrologi/. Strype's Memorial. Ra- 

 pin's History. Burnet's History of the Reformation. 

 Hume's Hist, of England. Biog. Brit, (is) 



CRASPEDI A, a genus of plants of the class Synge- 

 nesia, and order Polygamia Necessaria. See Botany, 

 p. 310. 



CRASSULA, a genus of plants of the class Pentan- 

 dria, and order Pentagynia. See Botany, p. 1G8. 



CRASSUS. See Rome. 



CRATAEGUS, a genus of plants of the class Icossn- 

 dria, and order -Digynia. See Botany, p. 229. 



CRATjEVA, a genus of plants of the class Dodecan- 

 dria, and order Monogynia. See Botany, p. 223. 



CRATERIA, a genus of plants of the class Decan- 

 dria, and order Monogynia. See Botany, p. 222. 



CRAX. See Ornithology. 



CRAYONS. See Drawing. 



CREAM. See Dairy. 



CREATION. See Cosmogony. 



CREDITON, commonly called Kirton, is a market 

 town of England, in Devonshire, situated on the river 

 Creole or Creedy, in a rich soil between two hills, the 

 southernmost of which overlooks the tops of the houses. 

 The town is about a mile long, and is divided into the 

 cast and west parts, the latter of which was nearly de- 

 stroyed by fire in 1743, and also in 1769, when several 

 new buildings, and the market house and shambles, 

 were consumed. The church, which was once a cathe- 

 dral, is a fine and spacious Gothicbuilding, about 15()feet 

 long and 44 broad. It has the form of a cross, with a 

 tower 100 feet high, rising from the intersection of the 

 nave and transept, and standing upon a semicircular 

 arch, supported by four enormous pillars. The tower 

 contains eight bells, and a clock with chimes. The 

 east and west windows are very Large, and ornamented 

 with tracery, and the interior of the church is neatly 

 finished. The altar piece, which is esteemed an exqui- 

 site piece of painting, represents Moses and Aaron sus- 

 taining the decalogue, and extends through the whole 

 height and breadth of the chancel. Over the south 

 porch there is a small library, and there is a Sunday 

 school connected with the chancel. 



VOL. VII. PART I. 



29 C R E 



There is a good free school at Crediton, founded by 

 Queen Elizabeth, and also a charity school i'or 40 poor 

 boys and girls. The principal manufacture is that of 

 serges, which are sent to Exeter to be finished and ex- 

 ported. Great quantities of wool and yarn are sold at 

 the weekly market, which is held on Saturday. 



The population of the burgh, in 1811, was, 



Inhabited houses 425 



Number of families 464 



Ditto employed in agriculture 44 



Ditto in trade and manufactures 369 



Males 704 



Females 1142 



Total population . . . 1816 



See Polywhele's History of Devonshire, and Britton 

 and Brayley's Beauties of England and Wales, vol. iv. 

 p. 279, 280. (jO 



CREED. See Confession. 



CREEKS. See Georgia. 



CREMATION, is a term generally applied to the an- 

 cient custom of burning the dead. In our article Burn- 

 ing, where we liave given a full account of this custom, 

 we have referred to the present article for an account of 

 the ceremonies which accompany the burning of the 

 living ; but this subject will be more properly treated 

 in our article India, where we shall have occasion to 

 treat at considerable length of the manners and customs 

 of the Hindoos. 



CREMONA, a town in die kingdom of Italy, and 

 principal place in the department of the Po, is situated 

 in a beautiful plain watered by the Oglio, and about a 

 quarter of a mile from the north bank of the Po. The 

 city is large and well built, and occupies a space about 

 five miles in circumference. The principal streets are 

 straight and spacious, and the town is adorned with 

 some small squares, and several palaces. 



The principal public buildings are the cathedral, 

 St Peter's church, the Dominican church, the Augus- 

 tines church, the town hall, or the public palace, and 

 the university. The cathedral, which is of Gothic, or 

 rather mixed architecture, Avas begun in 1 107, but was 

 not wholly completed till the 1 4th century. The front 

 is lined with red and white marble, and is highly and 

 fancifully ornamented. The chapel appropriated for 

 the relics of the primitive martyrs, is a small though 

 perfect edifice. It is simply and chastely decorated, 

 and contains the urns and sarcophagi in niches regular- 

 ly arranged on each side of the chapel, like the an- 

 cient Roman sepulchres. The cathedral contains seve- 

 ral fine paintings and altars, and a handsome monument 

 erected to the memory of Cardinal Francesco Sfondra- 

 to, decorated with fine has reliefs. Before the entrance 

 of the cathedral are two lions, each supporting a pillar. 

 The baptistery, which is separate from the cathedral, 

 is a large and lofty octangular edifice with two gal- 

 leries round the upper part of it. It contains, in the 

 centre, a curiously wrought font cut out of an immense 

 block of party-coloured marble. The tower, which is 

 very high, of a singular style of architecture, is ascend- 

 ed by 498 steps, and commands a fine view of the town, 

 the various roads that cross the country, the Po inter- 

 secting the extensive plains of the Milanese, the Alps 

 to tiie north, and the Appennines to the south west, 

 covered with snow. Among the paintings in the ca- 

 thedral, the crucifixion, by Pordemoni, is particularly 

 admired. The principal paintings, however, were car- 

 ried off to Paris when the town was taken by the 

 French. 



2 T 



CrctA 



Cremona. 



