CRUSTACEOLOGY. 



Discovered at Torcross in the southern licious species of the genus. 



Variegatus. 



15. Dromia, 

 Rumphii. 



16. Calap- 



Tubercular 

 ta. 



Fornicata, 



Gr3nulata. 



Crustp.ce?. red and white. 



^■""V*— coast of Devon, by G. Montagu, Esq. where it is not 

 uncommon. 



*** Shell with five teeth on each side ; longitudinal 

 equal, or nearly equal, to the transverse. Orbit of the 

 eye entire. Gen. Porlumnus, Leach's MSS. 



Sp 10. Variegatus. Shell somewhat triangular, with 

 five teeth on each side. Three teeth on the clypeus, and 

 one over each eye. Last joint of the posterior feet some- 

 what lanceolated. 



Inhabits the sandy shores of Great Britain, and is es- 

 teemed a rare species. When alive, is of a yellowish 

 white colour, mottled with purplish brown. 

 See Porlumnvs. Index. 

 Portummts latipes, Leach's MSS. 

 Cancer latipes of Pennant. 

 Cancer talipes variegatus, Plane. 

 B. Hinder feet, as well as the rest, formed for walk. 



ing. 

 Genus. XV. Dromia. Hinder feet placed on the 

 hinder part of the back. Shell very convex. 



Sp. I. Rumphii. Shell hairy, with five acute teeth 

 on each side. Arms and feet smooth. 



Inhabits the East Indies, and is the only species of 

 the genus known. 



Cancer dromia of Linne ; Dromia rumphii, Fabricius 

 and Latreille. 



GeNus XVI. Calappa. Hinder angles of the shell 

 arched, receiving the feet when contracted. Hands 

 crested. 



Sp. 1. Tuherculafa. Shell warty; the posterior angle 

 with six wrinkled teeth ; the posterior angle with two 

 obscure teeth or spines. 

 A native of New Holland. 

 Calappa tnbercidata of Fabricius. 

 Sp. 2. Fornicata. Posterior angles of the shell round- 

 ed and smooth. 



Inhabits New Holland. 



Caner calappa of Linne ; Calappa fornicata, Fabricius 

 and Latreille. 



Sp. 3. Cranulata. Shell tuberculated, with the pos- 

 terior angles spined, the hindermost spines very sharp 

 and large ; posterior margin notched a little at the base 

 of the tail. 



Inhabits the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, and is 

 found at low tides lurking under fuci. 



Cancer gramdatus of Linne ; Calappa granulata of 

 Fabricius and Latreille. 



Genus XVII. Hepatus. The second joint of the 

 footstalk, or peduncle of the external double palpi, tri- 

 angular, becoming gradually narrower towards the 

 apex. 



Sp. 1 . Fasciatus. Shell banded with brown. 

 Inhabits America. 



Calappa angustata of Fabricius ; Hepatus fasciatus 

 Latreille. 



Genus XVIII. Cancer. Shell narrow behind. The 

 second joint of the footstalk of the external double pal- 

 pi quadrangular, notched at the apex internally, for the 

 insertion of the following joint. 



* Arms of the male considerably longer than those of 

 the female. 



Sp. 1 . Pagurus. Shell on each side, with nine folds; 

 the apex of the hand black. 



Cancer pagurus of Linne, Fabricius, Latreille, and 

 Pennant. 



The common crab of our markets, the Crabe pagure 

 ©f French writers, is in season between Christmas 

 Easter, and about harvest, and is esteemed the most de- 



391 



Its natural history is but Crustacea. 



17- Hepa- 



THB. 



Fasiiatua. 



lt.C.Y.lZR. 



Pagurus. 



little known. During summer, it inhabits all our rocky 

 coasts, generally preferring twenty fathoms water. In 

 the winter, it is rarely met with, during which time it 

 is said to burrow in the sand. The tips of the claws 

 were formerly used in medicine, to correct acidities in 

 the stomach : this absurd practice is now deservedly 

 rejected 



It is taken in wicker baskets resembling a mouse 

 trap, or in nets with large meshes, which are sunk to 

 the bottom, and baited with garbage. 



Sp. 2. Incisus. Back wrinkled. Sides of the shell Incisus. 

 with four obtuse teeth. Fingers black. Colour when 

 alive florid. 



Cancer Jlorridus of Montagu. 

 Cancer incisus of Leach, MSS. 



Inhabits the shores of Europe. In Great Britain it 

 is considered extremely rare, having been taken only 

 by Mr Montagu, and Mr Leach, on the rocky coastf 

 of Devon at low tides, where it is common. 



Not C.fiorridus of Linne, which is an unknown spe- 

 cies, as the description in the Amcemtates Academical 

 will evince. 



Mus. Leach, Montagu, Sowerby. 

 ** Arms of the males not evidently larger than those 

 of the female. 



Sp. 3. Hirtellus. Body and legs hairy ; the shell Hirtellus. 

 with five dents on each side ; claws somewhat murica- 

 ted on the outside. 



Inhabits the European ocean. In England it is es- 

 teemed a great rarity, having only been found hither- 

 to on the coasts of Devonshire. 



Cancer hirtellus, Pennant. Bristly crab. 

 Mus. Donovan, Leach, Montagu. 



Sp. 4 Spinifrons. Shell smooth, with teeth on each Spinifrcw, 

 side ; the second and third teeth bifid ; the front and 

 claws with many spines. 



Inhabits the European ocean. 



Cancer spinifrons of Fabricius, Sup. Eid. St/st. p. S3Q ; 

 and of Latreille. 



Sp. 5. Denticulalus. Shell tuberose, with the sides Denticu- 

 spiny ; clypeus with five teeth, the middle one longest, latu*. 

 the basilar ones shortest ; arms angulated. 

 Inhabits England and Scotland. 



Described and named by George Montagu, Esq. in 

 the Transactions of the Linnean Society, of London , vol. 

 ix. from a specimen sent him by Mr Boys of Sandwich, 

 He mentions having seen a Scotch specimen in the col- 

 lection of Edward Donovan, Esq. F. L S. &c. Lately 

 taken in Devon by. Mr Prideaux, an assiduous natura- 

 list. 



Genus XIX. Ocypode. Eyes with an elongated is. o cy . 

 footstalk, inserted into the middle of the anterior mar- podb. 

 gin of the shell. Shell rhomboidal, or heart-shaped. 

 See Gecarcinus in Index. 



Sp. 1. Uca. Shell somewhat truncate-cordate, with 

 the sides abruptly convex ; feet hairy ; the tarsi with 

 five or six elevated lines, which are rather warty ; hands 

 tuberculated with tufts of hair both above and below. 

 Cancer uca of Linne ; Ocypode uca of Latreille. 

 Inhabits South America. Latreille. 

 We strongly suspect this to be the species commonly 

 known by the name of land crab, of which Sloane, Cates- 

 by, and others, have h detailed accounts. The 



following, selected from such authorities, may probably 

 not prove unacceptable. " These animals live not on- 

 ly in a kind of orderly society in their retreats in the 

 mountains, but regularly march once a year down to 

 the sea side, in a body of some millions at a time, *s 



UC2, 



