CRUSTACEOLOGY 



393 



CnustacM, 



Ruricola. 



Conlata. 



Ofatoph- 

 thalma. 



Vocans 



Aiiffulata. 



L 20. Giur- 



scs. 



Pictu?, 



six inches wide ; they Walk sidewise. They are said 

 to be poisonous, and to have killed several people who 

 have eaten them, particularly the black kind. The 

 lighter coloured varieties are most esteemed, and are 

 frequently fattened for the table. 



Sp. c 2. Rvricola. Shell of a somewhat truncated heart- 

 shape ; with the sides very abruptly convex ; the tarsi 

 with six serrated elevated lines ; hands smooth. 



Inhabits South America, and most probably has the 

 same habits with the preceding species, with which 

 it has undoubtedly been confounded by many writers. 



Cancer ruricola of Linne. Ocypode tourlourous of 

 Latreille. 



Sp. 3. Cordata. Shell as in the two foregoing spe- 

 cie*, with the sides gently sloping; tarsi with four 

 elevated lines, which are serrated. 



Inhabits the same country with the two preceding- 

 species. 



Cancer corpaius of Linne. Ocypode cordata of La- 

 treille. 



Sp. 4>. Cerafopkthalma. Shell of a rhomboidal-square 

 form ; arms granulated; hands cordated; with the apex 

 of the peduncles of the eyes produced beyond them 

 into a smooth spine. 



Inhabits the shores of the East Indies and Mediter- 

 ranean. 



Ocypode ceratophthalma of Fabricius and Latreille ; 

 Cancer cerulophthalmvs of Pallas, and probably Cancer 

 cursor of Linne. 



_ Colour, when alive, light, prettily mottled with red- 

 dish brown. About sunset it comes up the shores and 

 wanders about the strand, running at intervals with 

 great velocity. The right claw is commonly larger than 

 the left, and both are equally rough. 



Fide Index, Ocypode, Goneplat, and Gecarcinus. 



Sp. 5. Vocans. 



This species, of which Linne has given a very im- 

 perfect character, is said to inhabit Jamaica, where it 

 conceals itself under stones, and when caught emits a 

 cry. It grows to the size of three inches in diame- 

 ter. 



Cancer vocans of Linne; Cancer vocans major of 

 Herbst ; Ocypode maracoani of Latreille. 



Another species allied to this is figured by Herbst ; 

 it apparently differs in nothing but size from the above, 

 and may probably be the young of it. 



Sp. 6. Angulata. Shell nearly quadrate; armed near 

 the anterior angle with one spine, (sometimes two, one 

 behind the other). 



Colour red ; eyes half the length of the shell. Arms 

 ®f the male about five times the length of the body ; 

 those of the female only twice. 



Inhabits the western coast of Britain. First noticed 

 as British by Mr Pennant; it has since been taken in 

 great abundance in Salcombe Bay, Devonshire, by 

 George Montagu, Esq. F.L.S. 



Cancer angulatus of Linne, Fabricius, and Pennant. 

 Ocypode bispinosa of Lamarck; Goneplat bispinosa, 

 Leach, MSS. Vide Goneplat in Index. 



Mu.t. Donovan, Leach, Montagu, Sowerby. 



Genus XX. Grapsus. Eyes with a short peduncle, 

 inserted at the anterior angles of the shell, which is 

 depressed and quadrangular. Interior antennae hid by 

 the clypeus, which is inflexed. 



Sp.l. Pic/us. Shell with four tooth-like folds in the 

 anterior part; fingers concave at the apex; a strong tooth 

 on the inner wrist. 



Inhabits South America and the West India islands. 



\OL. VII. PART II, 



21. Pn. 



C'JSIA. 



Clavi.uaua 



Cancer grapsus of Linne and Fabricius. Crustacea 



It is rather rare. The colour is whitish, variously **~~Y~ mm ' 

 but beautifully varied with red, or red spotted with 

 white, sometimes with minute red dots and streaks on 

 a white ground, the speckled appearance pervading the 

 whole upper surface of the thorax and legs. The hand 

 claws are comparatively very small, rough*- and of a 

 rufous colour, bordered with . white ; body beneath 

 pale. 



Obs. Cancer tenuicrustatus of Herbst, of which he 

 figures a large and small variety, (probably the sexes), 

 is merely a variety of this species. 



Sp. 2. Partus. Front of the shell with four folds ; Varius. 

 arms short ; the extremities of the fingers concave. 



Inhabits the Mediterranean Sea. 



Grapsus varius of Latreille, on whose authority it is 

 here inserted. 



Sp. 3. Cruentatus. Front of the shell with four Cruentatus 

 smooth folds ; fingers conical ; wrists tuberculated and 

 spiny. 



Inhabits South America. 



Grapsus cruentatus of Latreille. 



Genus XXI. Plagusia. Eyes with a very short 

 peduncle affixed to the anterior angles of the shell, 

 which is quadrangular. The anterior antennae fixed 

 into two little foveolse on the upper part of the cly- 

 peus. 



Sp. 1. Clavimana. Hands clubbed; shell depressed, 

 with the front of the clypeus and sides of the shell 

 with four teeth. 



Inhabits the Indian ocean. 



Plagusia clavimana of Latreille. Seba Mus, torn. 3. 

 fig. 21. 



Sp. 2. Depressa. Shell depressed, the sides on each Depressa 

 side with five, and the middle of the clypeus with two 

 teeth ; the tubercles on the back naked. 



Inhabits the shores of the Mediterranean. 



Cancer depressus of Fabricius ; Plagusia depressa of 

 Latreille. 



Sp. 3. Squamosa. The tubercles on the back ciliat 

 ed ; the sides of the shell with five, and the middle of 

 the clypeus with two, dentiform processes. 



Its habitation is unknown. 



Plagusia squamosa of Latreille. 



Sp. 4. Semicylindrica. Shell elevated : sides with- 

 out teeth. 



Inhabits the Indian ocean. 



Cancer scmicylindricus of Fabricius ; Plagusia semi- 

 cylindrica of Latreille, who is of opinion that this spe- 

 cies and Cancer auritus of Fabricius, (both species un- 

 known to us), should constitute a distinct genus. 



Genus XXII. Pinnotheres. Shell roundish square, 25. Pihno- 

 or oval round. The internal double palpi joined at thebks. 

 their base. 



The animals of this genus inhabit bivalve shells ; and 

 some of the species were known to the ancients, who 

 believed them to have been the consentaneous inhabi- 

 tants of the pinnae and other bivalve shells; which being 

 too stupid to perceive the approach of their prey, were 

 warned of it by their vigilant friend. Oppian tells^he 

 fable prettily : 



In clouded deeps below, the pinna hides, 

 And through the silent paths obscurely glides ; 

 A stupid wretch, and void of thoughtful care, 

 He forms no bait, nor lays the tempting snare ; 

 But the dull sluggard boasts a crab his friend, 

 Whose busy eyes the coming prey attend : 

 One room contains them, and the partners dwell 

 Beneath the convex of one sloping ^hcll ; 

 .'! n 



Squamosa. 



Semicylin- 

 drica. 



