424 



CRUST A GEOLOGY. 



Arachni. 

 des. 



Redimi- 

 tum. 



Tredium- 

 guttatum. 



:;9. Phol- 



cuS. 



Pliahngi- 

 oides. 



Theridion Sisiphuvi. Latreille. 



Inhabits Europe, nidificating under the prominences 

 of pillars, or projections of walls. 



Sp. 2. Redimitum. Yellowish white; abdomen oval, 

 with a rose-coloured dorsal ring. 



Aranca rcdimita. Linne. 



Theridion couronne. Walckenaer. 



Theridion redimitum. Latreille. 



Inhabits plants. Abdomen often spotted. Latreille 

 supposes Theridion ovation of Walckenaer to be no 

 more than a variety of this species ; and that the 

 I'araignee a bande rouge of Geoff'ray, ( Hist, des Insect. 

 torn. ii. page 648) is referable to the same variety. 



** The two lateral eyes at a distance from each 

 other. 



Genus Latrodectus of Walckenaer. 



Obs. Walckenaer has examined the eyes, maxilla?, 

 and lip of the Theridiona, with the most minute at- 

 tention. In his last work, Latreille has admitted the 

 genus Latrodectus as distinct from Theridion, and 

 given the following characters; but as we are not ac- 

 quainted with the genus Latrodectus, the reader must 

 judge for himself. 



Latrodectus. The first and then the second pair 

 of feet longest ; eyes disposed, four and four, in two 

 transverse straight parallel lines. 



Theridion. The first and then the fourth pair 

 of feet longest ; the four middle eyes disposed in a 

 square, the lower ones situated on a common promi- 

 nence ; two ethers close together, and placed in an emi- 

 nence on each side. 



From the above characters it would seem they are 

 very distinct genera, but a letter ©n the subject we have 

 received from a friend, informs us that he is well ac- 

 quainted with the animal's economy, and that it ought 

 to remain where Latreille placed it, in the first instance, 

 at least for the present, as our knowledge of the sub- 

 ject is at present too limited for us to make two mi- 

 nute divisions ; on this ground, therefore, we continue 

 it under the generic title of Theridion. 



Sp. S. Tredium-guttalum. Black ; abdomen globose, 

 with thirteen blood-red spots. 



Aranea 13-guttata of Rossi and Fabricius. 



Latrodecte malmignatte. Walckenaer, page 81. 



Theridion 13-gultalum. Latreille (Gen. Crust, el Ins. 



i. p. 98- 



Latrodectus \3-guttatus. Latreille. (Consid. Ord. 

 Nat. &c.) 



Inhabits Italy, and is common in the plains of that 

 country. 



Genus XXXIX. Pholcus, Walck. Latr. Aranea, 

 Geoff. Scopoli. 



Maxill& oblique, covering the sides of the lip, con- 

 verging from the base to the apex ; apex internally 

 truncated. 



Lip transversely quadrate, the lateral angles at the 

 apex rounded and somewhat marginated. 



Feet very long and slender, the first longest, then 

 the second, and then the fourth nearly equal. 



Sp. 1. Phalangioides. Pale livid ; abdomen elongate; 

 very soft, of a cylindrical oval form, and obscure grey 

 colour ; the apex of the tibise and thighs with a whitish, 

 pale anulus or ring. 



Pholcus phalangiste. Walckenaer, page 80. 



Aranea pluchii. Scopoli. 



Aranea phalangioides. Fourcroy. (Entomologia Pa- 

 ris, ii. 213.) 



Pholcus phalangioides. Latreille. 



Inhabits the European houses ; its body vibrates af- 

 ter the manner of Tipulari/E, or gnats. Is very com- 

 mon in the west of England. 



Genus XL. Uloborus. Latreille. 



Eyes eight, equal and very minute, placed in two 

 transverse lines, the first nearly straight, and scarcely 

 bent backwards ; the two middle ones a little nearer 

 than the others ; the posterior line bent forwards. 



Maxillae straight, broad, inversely triagonal, the 

 side broader than the apex. 



Lip very small and semicircular. 



Feet, first pair much the largest, then the fourth, and 

 afterwards the second. 



Sp. I. Walckenaer ius. Pale reddish yellow ; thorax 

 and abdomen silky; the back white; abdomen oblong, 

 banded with fasciculi of hairs ; feet also banded with 

 darker rings. 



Inhabits the pines in Germany and France, where it 

 constructs a web like that of Lyniphya triangularis. 



Genus XLI. Tetragnatha, Latr. Walck. Ara- 

 nea. Linn. Fab. Oliv. 



Maxilla straight, elongate and narrow ; almost as 

 broad as long ; the apex externally dilated and round- 

 ed. 



Lip semicircular and somewhat notched. 



Feet very long and very slender ; the first pair, then 

 the second, and then the fourth longest. 



Sp. 1. Extensa. Reddish ; abdomen oblong, golden 

 green, with the sides and two lines below yellowish ; 

 the middle below longitudinally black. 



Aranea extensa. Linne, Fabricius. 



Tetragnalhe etcndue, Walckenaer, p. 68. 



Tetragnatha extensa. Latreille. 



Inhabits moist places in Europe ; it spins a vertical 

 web, and remains with its feet extended, the anterior 

 ones porrected. 



Genus XLII. Zinyphia, Latr. V/alck. Aranea, 

 Linn. De Geer. 



Maxillce nearly straight, inversely — somewhat oval. 



Lip semicircular. 



Feet elongate and slender ; the first, then the second, 

 afterwards the fourth pair longest. 



Sp. 1 . Triangularis. Pale reddish, inclining to yel- 

 low ; thorax with a black dorsal line, bifid in front ; 

 abdomen oval, inclining to globose, with spots andangu- 

 lated bands of brown and Avhite; feet immaculate. 



Linyphie triangulaire. Walck. page 70. 



Linyphia triangularis. Latreille. 



Inhabits the European hedges ; is common in Au- 

 tumn, building its nest on pines, ferns, and genistaa. 



Genus XLIII. Epeira, Walck. Latr. Aranea, 

 Linn. Fab. Lam. Donovan. 



Marilhe nearly straight, their base narrow, their 

 apex widened ; the base internally concave ; the apex 

 above the lip incurved, and obliquely truncated. 



Lip semicircular, and somewhat margined. 



Feet elongate and slender; the first pair longest, then 

 the second, afterwards the fourth ; the third very short. 



* Thorax an oblong oval, inclining to quadrate ; the 

 lateral eyes placed on a tubercle ; abdomen coria- 

 ceous, and spinous above ; or soft, much lengthen- 

 ed and cylindrical, and rounded at the base and 

 apex. 



A. Abdomen coriaceous or spiny above; the anus 

 below prominent and tubular. 



a. Abdomen nearly triangular, extended in lengch. 



Aracliiii- 

 des. 



40. Ulojso. 

 Mrs. 



Walcke. 

 natrius. 



41. Tk- 

 tragna- 



TIU. 



Extensa. 



42. Ziny- 

 phia. 



Triangula- 

 ris. 



4 3. "Epei- 

 ra. 



