428 



CRUSTACEOLOGY. 



Arachni- 

 ds. 



Cinneberi- 

 litis. 



A^. Salti- 



G D i. 



Scenicus. 



Sartguino- 

 lentus. 



.Rumphii 



Formica- 

 rius. 



55. Tirax 



T Li./,. 



Lip nearly an equal sided triangle, the margins some- 

 what bent back on the point. 



Feet strong and short ; the fourth, the first, then the 

 second, longest ; the third rather shorter than the se- 

 cond pair. 



Sn. 1. Cinneberinus. Black; abdomen cinnabar-red 

 above, with four or six black spots, disposed in a dou- 

 ble longitudinal line ; joints of the feet white ; the hin- 

 der sides of the thorax, the thighs, with the first joint 

 of the tibia; of the four posterior feet, pale red. 



Aranea moniligera, Villers. Aranea i-gutlala, Rossi. 

 Eresus cinnubcrinus, Latreille, Walckenaer, p. 21. 



Inhabits France, Italy, and Germany. 



Gen. LIV. Salticus, Latr. — Aranea, Linn. Fab. 

 Oliv. — Attus, Walck. 



Maxilla' straight, longitudinal, and of a somewhat 

 rhomboidal or inverse wedge-shaped oval. 



Lip elongate, somewhat oval, apex obtuse. 



Feet generally strong, especially the anterior pair, 

 which are short, and formed for leaping ; the fourth 

 and first longest, and nearly equal ; then the second 

 and third, which are nearly equal in size also. 



* Feet thick and short ; palpi clubbed ; thorax 

 truncate-oval, or parallelogrammic. 



Sp. 1. Scsnicus. Black; circumference of the tho- 

 rax with a white hairy margin ; abdomen short, oval, 

 upper part with a greyish-red down, and three trans- 

 verse undulating bands, and the anus white ; the first, 

 or that band nearest the base, unbroken, the others in- 

 terrupted in the middle. 



Aranea scenica, Linne, Fabr. Sallicus Scenicus, Latr. 

 Atte Pare, Walckenaer. 



Inhabits walls and palings ; is found in most parts 

 of Europe ; the female has her palpi white ; feet co- 

 vered with reddish-grey down, and obscure spots. 

 Mandibules of the male very large. 



Sp.2. Sanguinoletitus. Black; the margins of the tho- 

 rax with a white villose line; abdomen small, somewhat 

 oval, blood-red, with a lanceolate black mark on the mid- 

 dle of the back; the four anterior tibia? bright yellow. 



Aranea sluanii, Scopoli, Rossi. Aranea sanguinnknta, 

 Linne, Fabr. Atte sanguinolente, Walck. p. 24. Salli- 

 cus sloanii, Latr. Sallicus sanguinolentus, Leach's MSS. 



Inhabits the S. of Europe, seen only once in Britain. 



Sp. 3. Rumphii. Black; variegated with grey and 

 brown ; the anterior margin of the thorax with pale 

 reddish down ; abdomen elliptical, with an uneven, 

 broad, longitudinal grey band, margined with black. 



Aranea rumphii, Scopoli. Atte tardigrade, Walck. 

 p. 25. Sallicus rumphii, Latreille. 



Inhabits France, is often taken in the environs of 

 Paris on the trunks of willows. 



** Feet long and slender ; palpi filiform ; thorax 

 long, narrow, and somewhat conic. 



Sp. 4. Formicarius. Thorax black before, red behind; 

 abdomen brown, with a white spot on each side; feet red. 



Altefoitrmi, Walck. Sallicus formicarius, Latr. 



Inhabits plants and walls throughout Europe, is very 

 rare in Scotland. 



Family X. Tarantulides. 



Genus LV. Tarantula, Brown, Fabricius. — Piia- 

 langium, Linne, Pallas. — Phrynus, Olivier, Lamarck, 

 Hermann, Latreille, Herbst. 



Palpi long, terminated by a horny, crooked, moveable 

 nail. 



Maxilla; obverse-conic, diverging internal angle at 

 the apex lengthened, compressed and rounded. 



Body short and depressed ; thorax either kidney- 

 shaped or lunulated ; no tail. 



1 yes eight ; two on the middle of the anterior mar- 



gin, in a transverse line ; three on each side, disposed 

 in a triangle. 



Sp. I. Lunata. Palpi nearly three times as long as 

 the body ; the apex of the third joint alone spiny ; 

 spines four in number, the two upper ones strongest. 



Phalangium reniforme, Linne. Phalangiurti lunatum, 

 Pallas. Tarantula lunata, Fabr. Phrynus lunatus, Latr. 



Inhabits the East Indies. 



Sp. 2. Media. Palpi nearly six times as long as the 

 body ; the inside spiny from one end to the other ; the 

 spines at the point very numerous. 



Phrynus medius. Herbst. Inhabits South America ? 



Sp. 3. Reniformis. Palpi length of the body, the se- 

 cond and third joints compressed, and spiny on the 

 inside ; the last joint internally dilated, and armed with 

 five or six strong spines. 



Phalangium reniformis, Pallas. Cancellus aranoides, 

 Petiver. Tarantula reniformis, Fabr. Phrynus reni- 

 formis, Latreille. 



Inhabits South America ; is common in Jamaica, St 

 Domingo, and other islands. 



Genus LVI. Thelyphronus, Latreille. Phalan- 

 gium, Linn. Pall. Tarantula, Fabricius. 



Palpi short and thick, terminated by a for?eps, or 

 finger and thumb. 



Maxillae nearly triangular, and large, meeting within. 



Body elongate, and cylindrical ; thorax oval ; abdo- 

 men terminated by a tail. 



Eyes as in the preceding genus. 



Sp. 1 . Proscorpio. Palpi spinous or branched. 



Phalangium caudalum, Linne, Pallas? Tarantula 

 cauduta, Fabricius? Thelyphronus proscorpio, Latr. 

 Family II. Scorpionides. 



Genus LVII. Scorpio, Linn. Fabr. Oliv. Latr. Lam. 

 Herbst, Shaw, Donovan. 



Maxillae short, rounded, internally somewhat arched 

 and hairy. 



Lip with four triangular porrect pieces or valves, the 

 two external ones joined to the anterior, the two inter- 

 nal ones to the base of the second pair of feet. 



Eyes six or eight. 



Body elongate ; with two pectinated lamina? (which 

 are denominated pecten) at the under base of the ab- 

 domen. 



Tail composed of sixjoints,the last sharp or aculeated ; 

 the sting bent, instilling poison into the wound it makes. 

 * Eyes eight in number. 



Sp. L Occitanus. Pectens with twenty-eight teeth ; 

 body yellowish; tail longer than the body, with elevated 

 granulated lines, with no prominence under the sting. 



Scorpio occitanus, Amoreux, (Jour. dePhys.1789.) Latr. 



Scorpio tanetanus, Redi. 



Inhabits the southern parts of Europe. 



Sp. 2. Afer. Pectens with thirteen teeth ; hands 

 somewhat heart-shaped, hairy, and slightly granulated. 



Scorpio afer, Linn. Fabricius. 



Inhabits India. 



Sp. 3. Amencanus. Pectens with fourteen teeth ; 

 hands somewhat ciliated ; fingers filiform. 



Scorpio Americanus. Linne, Fabricius. 



Inhabits America. 



Sp. 4. Australts. Pectens with thirty-two teeth ; 

 hands smooth, elongated and red ; the fingers filiform ; 

 under the sting a pointed process. 



Scorpio Australis. Linne, Fabricius. 



Inhabits Africa. 



Sp. 5. Carpathians. Pectens with eighteen teeth ; 

 hands angular ; tail mucronated beneath the sting. 



Scorpio Europmns, Linne, Fabr. Scorpio Carpalhi- 

 cus, Latr. Scorpio Germanicus, Herbst. 



3 



Arachrti- 

 des. 



Lunata. 



Media. 



Renifor- 

 mis. 



36. Thelt- 



PHRONU3. 



Proscor- 

 pio. 



57. Scon- 



PIO. 



Occitanus'. 



Afer. 



America- 

 nus. 



Australis. 



Carpathi- 



cus. 



