CRUSTACEOLOGY. 



429 



Aracimi- 

 des.j 



Europ.-cus. 



The habitat is not known to us ; but Latreille says 

 it is an extra-European species. 



** Eyes six in number. 



Sp. 6. Europeans. Pectens with nine teeth ; hands 

 somewhat heart-shaped, angular ; the wrists with one 

 tooth ; body obscure brown ; last joint of the tail, with 

 the feet brownish-yellow. 



Scorpio Europeans, Villers, Latreille. 



Inhabits the south of Europe. 



Linne was not acquainted with this species ; he has 

 described some other for it, and has led the celebrated 

 Fabricius into a similar error respecting it : See the 

 note following Sco r pio carpathicus, Sp. 5. where we 

 have corrected this mistake. De Geer has described a 

 Cayenne species for Europeans, 7. 344. tab. 41. Fig. 5. 



Sp. 7. Maurus. Pectens with eight or ten teeth ; hands 

 cordate, nearly smooth ; body fuscous, and granulated. 



Scorpio maurus. Linne, Fabricius, and Latreille. 



Inhabits Barbary. 



Genus LVIII. Chelifer. Geoff. De Geer, Oliv. 

 Lara. Herm. Latreille. 



Phalangium, Linn. Scorpio, Fabricius. Obisium, 

 Illiger, Wslckenaer. 



Maxilla: longitudinal, large and convex, on the inner 

 side inflexed, and meeting together ; the apex produ- 

 ced into a point. Lip none. 



Eyes two or four inserted into the sides of the thorax. 



Body somewhat depressed. Tail none. 



* Eyes two. Thorax divided into two parts by a 

 transverse line. 

 Cancroides. Sp. 1. Cancroides. Arms twice the length of the 

 body, the second and third joints elongate and Conic ; 

 body red-brown ; abdomen oval. 



Chelifer cancroides, Latreille. 



Inhabits close places, and books, living on Acaridice; 



Ataurus. 



,58. ClIELl- 



when touched, it walks backwards, holding forwards Arachai- 

 its hands in a menacing attitude. dcs « 



Sp. 2. Cimicoides. Arms of a moderate length, the „• ■ C7 

 joints somewhat oval and hairy; abdomen globose-ovaL 



Scorpio cimicoides, Fahr. Pince parisite, Hermann. 

 Obise cimicoide, Walck. Chelifer cimicoides, Latr. 



Inhabits Europe, under the bark of trees. 

 ** Eyes four ; thorax entire. 



Sp. 3. Trombidioides ; mandibuue very large and ex- Trombi- 

 serted; the second joint of the arms elongate; fingers dioidos. 

 long and straight. 



Pince trombidioides, Lafcr. Pince ischnochele, Her- 

 mann. Chelifer trombidioides, Latr. Obisium trombi- 

 dioides, Leach's MSS. 



Inhabits France ; is common near Paris, under stones, 

 and in other parts of France among mosses. In this 

 country it has been discovered by Montagu and Leach, 

 in Devonshire, under stones, in tolerable plenty; and 

 by the latter gentleman in Surrey, near Godstone. 



Obs. These two divisions of the genus certainly have 

 distinct characters eno. h to form two genera; we 

 therefore, perhaps, shov ollow Mr Leach, who pro- 

 poses to call the first division Chelifer, a name first 

 given by Geoffroy; the second Obisium, a name propo- 

 sed by Illiger for the genus as it now stands. 



Genus LIX. Cellularia. Vide synopsis of genera. 59. Celi** 



Method of Preserving the Animals of this Class. LAKU - 



Those of the first order may be simply dried, having 

 a pin passed through the right side of their body ; the 

 legs being spread as if the animal were walking. The 

 si- er species of the Second Order are to be glued to 

 paper, by means of gum arabic ; and the larger ones 

 mujt either be kept in spirit, or dried very rapidly in a 

 strong blast, in a dark place if possible* 



APPENDIX. 



Appendix. In this part of the article, we shall add those species 

 *—"v~— - which have been discovered since the former part was 

 written, and some alterations in the classification, lately 

 made by Dr Leach. 



He has divided the* tribe Millepeda from the Crus- 

 tacea, and considered them as a distinct class, under 

 the title of Myriapoda, and has placed the Oniscides 

 and Asellides with the Gasteruri. 



The characters of Crustacea, Myriapoda, Arach- 

 nides, and Insecta, are given in the following Table. 



Animals without a Vertebral Column, with distinct 

 Nerves and Feet. 



With gills or 7 _ ckss 



branchiae, 



Crustacea. 



I 



With air tubes I 



or tracheae. \ 



With a 

 heart. 



("With antennae and distinct 

 head. Class Myriapoda. 

 < Without antennae, head u- 

 nited to the thorax. Class 

 (_ Arachnides. 

 (_ Without a heart. Class Insecta. 

 The genus Bopyrus is to be altogether rejected from 

 this article, as it belongs to the class Vermes. 



Class CRUSTACEA. 



The two orders, I. Entomostraca, and, II. Mala-, 

 costraca, he considers as sub-classes, but suffers them 

 to retain the same names. In the Entomostraca, no- 

 thing new has occurred ; but to the Malacostraca, 

 we can add much valuable matter. 



Subclass II. MALACOSTRACA. 



This subclass is subdivided into three orders: 1. Bra' 

 chyuri, Macrouri, and Gasteruri, which are synony- 

 mous with the tribes of those names before given. 



Order I. Brachyuri. 



The first division containing those genera with th 

 hinder tarsus and unguis formed for swimming, is now 

 (as we have before hinted) divided into more genera, 

 the characters of which may be given in a table. 



* The peduncle of the eyes as long as the external 

 angles of the shell. 



Genus I. Podopthalmus. 



** Peduncle of the eyes much shorter than the exter- 

 nal angles of the shell. 

 A. Shell with more than five teeth on each^side. 



Genus II. Lima. Shell remarkably transverse ; at the 

 termination of the semicircle on each side armed with 

 a long spine. 



B. Shell with five teeth on each side. 



Genus III. Portunus. Transverse diameter of the 

 shell much greater than the longitudinal ; orbit of the 

 eye behind, with two fissures. Eyes thicker than then' 

 peduncles. 



Genus IV. Carcinus. Transverse diameter of the 

 shell much greater than the longitudinal ; orbit of the 

 eye behind with one fissure; eyes not thicker than their 

 peduncles. 



Genus V. Portumnus, Longitudinal diameter of 

 the shell equal, or nearly equal, to the transverse ; or- 



Appendix. 



