CUD 



482 



CUE 



Cudwcrth. 



(uciirbita CUCURBITA, a genus of plants of the class Monce- 

 eia, and order Monadelphia. See Botany, p. 330. 



CUDDALORE, a town of Hindostan, on the coast 

 of Coromandel, situated about a mile to the south of 

 Fort St David. The town is about three quarters of 

 a mile long from north to south, and extends about 

 half a mile from east to west. It is fortified on three 

 sides, the side towards the sea being in a great measure 

 open. The river, however, which passes between Fort 

 St David and the town, flows along the eastern side of 

 the city, and has thrown up a huge mound of sand at its 

 embouchure, which in some means supplies the place 

 of a fortification. The river, which is small, and navi- 

 gable only by boats, is shut up by a bar at its mouth. 

 The pagoda of Trivada, which forms a citadel to a 

 large pettah, or town, stands a little above Cuddalore. 

 The places which give a safe anchorage are 1| mile 

 from the shore, the flagstaff bearing N. W. and Fort 

 St David N. N. W. 



The town is populous, and carries on a considerable 

 trade. Dimities, and various kinds of piece goods, si- 

 milar to those of Surat in dimensions, colour, and qua- 

 lities, are manufactured at Cuddalore, and the prices 

 are nearly the same as at Surat. 



In the year 1 686, Mr Elihu Yale purchased the site 

 of this town, and a small district, for the use of the 

 India Company, for £31,000, from a Mahratta prince, 

 and the fortifications gradually acquired strength. The 

 French, under General Lally, took the place on the 

 1st of June 1758, after a siege of five weeks. The 

 fortifications were completely destroyed ; but when the 

 town was restored to Britain at the peace, it soon reco- 

 vered its prosperity. It was again taken by the French 

 in 1781 } and in 1783, after a severe contest, it fell into 

 the hands of the British. East Long. 79° 50', North 

 Lat. 11° 43'. See Milburn's Oriental Commerce, vol. i. 

 p. 376, Lond. 1813. (*-) 



CUDWORTH, Ralph, a celebrated metaphysician 

 and divine, was born in 1617, at Aller, in Somerset- 

 shire, where his father was rector. After receiving the 

 usual course of education, partly under the care of 

 his father, and partly under that of his father-in-law, 

 he was admitted, at the early age of thirteen, as a 

 pensioner of Emanuel College, Cambridge, where he 

 was matriculated in the year 1632. Having taken 

 his degree of Master of Arts in 1637, and being 

 elected a fellow of Emanuel College in the following 

 3 r ear, his reputation as a tutor became so great, that he 

 had no fewer than twenty-eight pupils at one time, 

 among whom were the celebrated Sir William Temple 

 and Archbishop Tillotson. He was soon afterwards 

 appointed by his college to the rectory of North Cad- 

 bury, in the county of Somerset. In 1642, he publish- 

 ed A Discourse concerning the true Nature of the Lord's 

 Supper, and The Union of Christ and the Church Sha- 

 dowed, or in a Slucdoto. In 1644, Cudworth took the 

 degree of Bachelor of Divinity, and in the same year 

 he was elected Master of Clarehall, when Dr Paske 

 was ejected from that situation by the parliamentary 

 visitors. In 1645, he was elected Regius Professor of 

 Hebrew ; and he now devoted the whole of his atten- 

 tion to his studies and academical duties. In 1 651, he 

 took the degree of Doctor in Divinity ; but, owing to 

 the embarrassed state of his finances, he was compelled 

 for a while to quit the university. He was, however, 

 speedily recalled, and in 1654 he was appointed to 

 the head of Christ's College, Cambridge ; a situation in 

 which he spent the remainder of bis days. In the 



Cutuca. 



year 1656-7, he was one of the persons who were no- Cudworth 

 minated by a committee of parliament to deliberate 

 about a new translation of the Bible. After the resto- 

 ration of Charles II. he was presented to the vicarage 

 of Ashwell, in Herefordshire; and in 1678, when he 

 was installed prebendary of Gloucester, he published 

 his great work, entitled The True Intellectual System 

 of the Universe, the first Part, wherein all the Reason 

 and Philosophy of Atheism is confuted, and its imv.ossi- 

 bilili/ demonstrated. The principal object of tills work 

 is to refute the principles of atheism ; and in the exe- 

 cution of this tusk, he has combined a great acuteness 

 of reasoning with the most profound knowledge of an- 

 cient literature. His attachment, however, to the Pla- 

 tonic philosophy, has thrown an air of mysticism over 

 some of his metaphysical opinions ; and his doctrine of 

 the Plastic nature, is supposed by Bayle to have given 

 great advantage to the Atheists. 



Beside the works which have been mentioned, 

 Cudworth published some Sermons, and has left be- 

 hind him several manuscripts, which are now lodged 

 in the British Museum. The following is a list of 

 them: 



1. A Treatise concerning Moral Good and Evil. 



2. A Treatise of Liberty and Necessity, wherein the 

 foundations of the philosophy of atheism are destroyed, 

 the certainty of morality established, and the nature of 

 it explained. 



3. A Commentary on the Seventy Weeks mentioned 

 by the prophet Daniel, wherein the several explications 

 of them by the Jews and some Christian writers are 

 examined and confuted. 2 vols, folio. 



4. A Treatise on the Creation of the World, and the 

 Immortality of the Soul. 1 vol. 8vo. 



5. Of the Learning of the Hebrews. 



6. An Explanation of Hobbes' Notions concerning 

 the Nature of God, and the Extension of Spirits. 



Cudworth died at Cambridge in 1688, in the 71st 

 year of his age. See the article Atheism, for an ac- 

 count of his Intellectual System, (o) 



CUELLARA, a genus of plants of the class Decan- 

 dria, and order Monogynia. See Botany, p. 222. 



CUENCA, Santa Ana de, the capital of a province 

 of the same name in the kingdom of Quito, is situated 

 in the delightful plain of Yunquilla, which is about six 

 leagues and a half long, and as many in width. This 

 valley is watered by four rivers : the Machangara, 

 which runs about half a league to the north of the city; 

 the Matadero, which runs close to the south side of the 

 city ; the Yanuncay, which is distant from Cuenca 

 about a quarter of a league ; and the Los Banos, which 

 is at the same distance. All these rivers, which are 

 crossed by bridges, and are at some seasons fordable, 

 unite at a small distance from Cuenca, and form the 

 large river of Pante. 



The city of Cuenca is classed by Ulloa among those 

 of the fourth order, and is regarded as one of the most 

 beautiful in the kingdom. The streets, which run in 

 straight lines, are tolerably broad. The houses, which 

 are generally of one story, are built with unburnt 

 bricks, and are covered with tiles ; and the suburbs, 

 which the Indians inhabit, are, as usual, mean and ir- 

 regular. The parish church, which was erected into a 

 cathedral in 1786, is a magnificent building. The 

 hospital is handsome and convenient, and well attend- 

 ed. The five convents, viz. of the order of St Francis, 

 St Domingo, St Augustin, St Peter Nolasco, — the] col- 

 lege, which formerly belonged to the Jesuits, — the two 



