1836.] a new Fossil Genus of the Sivdlik range. 43 



The form of the maxillaries is strongly marked in two respects : 1st, 

 their shortness compared with their great width and depth : 2nd, in the 

 upward direction of the line of alveoli from the last molar forwards, 

 giving the appearance (with the licence of language intended to convey 

 an idea of resemblance without implying more) as if the face had been 

 pushed upwards to correspond with the rise in the nasals ; or fixed on at 

 an angle with the base of the cranium. The tendency to shortness of the 

 jaw was observed in the dimensions of the teeth, the molars being compres- 

 sed, and their width exceeding their length to an extent not usual in the 

 Ruminantia. The width apart, between the maxillaries, was noticed be- 

 fore; the interval, between the outer surfaces of the alveoli, equalling the 

 space in length occupied by the line of molars. The cheek tuberosities 

 are very large and prominent, their diameter at the base being 2 inches, 

 and the width of the jaw over them being 12.2 inches, whereas at the 

 alveoli it is but 9.8 inches. They are situated over the third and fourth 

 molars; and proceeding up from them towards the malar, there is an in- 

 distinct ridge on the bone. The infra-orbitary foramen is of large size, 

 its vertical diameter being 1.2 inch ; it is placed over the first molar, as in 

 the ox and deer tribe. The muzzle portion of the bone is broken off at 

 about 2.8 inches from the 1st molar, from the alveolar margin of which, 

 to the sui'face of the diastema, there is an abrupt sink of 1.7 inch. The 

 muzzle is here contracted to 5.8 inches, and forwards at the truncated 

 part to about 4.1. The palatine arch is convex from rear to front, and 

 concave across. No trace of the palatine foramina remains, nor of the 

 suture with the proper palatine bones. The sphoeno-palatine apophyses 

 and all back to the foramen magnum* are either removed or concealed 

 in stone. In fx-ont, the mutilation of the bone, at the muzzle, does not 

 allow it to be seen, how the incisive bones were connected with the maxil- 

 laries : but it appears that they did not reach so high on the maxillaries 

 as the union of the latter with the nasals. The same cause has rendered 

 obscure the connexions of the maxillaries with the nasals, and the depth 

 and size of the nasal echancrure or sinus. 



The jugal bone is deep, massive and rather pi'ominent. Its lower 

 border falls off abruptly in a hollow descending on the maxillaries : the 

 upper enters largely into the formation of the orbit. The posterior orbital 

 process unites with a corresponding apophysis of the frontal, to complete 

 the circuit of the orbit behind. The zygomatic apophysis is stout and 

 thick, and rather flat. No part of the arch, either in the temporal or 

 jugal portions, is prominent : the interval between the most salient points 

 being greatly less than the hind part of the cranium, and slightly less than 

 the width between the bodies of the jugals. 



The extent and form of the lachrymals, cannot be made out, as there 

 is no trace of a suture remaining. Upon the fossil, the surface of the la- 

 chrymary region passes smoothly into that of the adjoining bones. There 

 is no perforation of the lower and anterior margin of the orbit by lachry- 

 mary foramina, nor any hollow below it indicating an infra-orbital or 

 lachrymary sinus. It may be also added, what was omitted before, that 

 there is no trace of a superciliary foramen upon the frontal. 



The orbits are placed far forwards, in consequence of the great pro- 

 duction of the cranium upwards, and the shortness of the bones of the face. 

 Their position is also rather low, their centre being about 3.6 inches 

 below the plane of the brow. From a little injury done in chiseling off 

 the stone, the form or circle of the different orbits does not exactly cor- 

 respond. In the one of the left side, which is the more perfect, the long 



* With the exception of a portion of the basilary region, which resembles that of 

 the Ruminants. 



G 2 



