1836.] a Turkish work on Navigation. 457 



and contrary currents are not wanting, and a ship falling in with them 

 runs great risk to be lost, if it is not saved by the grace of God ; so 

 it is necessary to avoid these places. You must turn from the Persian 

 shore to the Arabian, and steer N. N. E. and N. E. by N. till you 

 are out of reach of this dangerous place, after which you steer again 

 E. N. E. Know that the wind of Canopus (S. S. E.) is not to be 

 trusted till the pole is made with six inches or six inches and a 

 quarter ; the flood runs then true E. The signs of a tempest are great 

 distress, and the summer birds called in Yaman, yam 1 , also the birds 

 bant safdf s and amm ul sandni 3 ; these birds keep then to the shore, flying 

 in the summer on the sea ; sometimes you see them till where the 

 pole is made with nine inches, (lat. 19° 54'.) 



Ninth Voyage, from Kashan** to Gujerdt. 



If you set sail from Leiben 5 you follow the direction E. S. E. and 

 E. by S. during night time, when for the most part the northerly 

 wind ceases. From S. S. E. there is a heavy swell ; therefore it is 

 advisable to keep the high sea; if during night time the wind dimi- 

 nishes and you find yourselves at sea, lay to till the wind becomes 

 fresh again ; but if it be fair, you go twelve zum 6 true east, return 

 then to E. N. E. till Sagitta is six inches or Lyra 1 five inches, or 

 Canopus and Lyra\ come equally to tbree inches and a half. If in 

 this height you see really sea-snakes, you follow the course of E. by 

 N. till land is seen. If the sea-snakes are not seen, you steer true east 

 till you see them, and return then to E. by N. The sign of the 

 presence of the sea-snakes are great numbers of birds, as the Sowaidi* 

 and kordni 9 . In some years the sea-snakes and the birds Sowaidi are 

 seen on the Arabian coast. If you are leaning towards the Arabian 

 shore, and the pole is made with nine inches or near itj, it is guessed 

 that you are come near the Indian land ; but this is not certain, because 

 these birds do not deserve much credit, as some years they are seen, 

 and in other years they are not seen ; sometimes they are to be seen 

 in great numbers, and sometimes but few. 



Tenth Voyage, from Khalafdt llJ § to Gujerdt. 



If you start from Khalafdt you keep the sea till you come to cape 

 Fartak u \\, from thence you run twelve zdms true east, then to E. N. 

 E. or E. by N., as it has been mentioned before. 



* Kisseen on south coast of Arabia ; Long. 51° 5'. 



•f- Wrong stars, (vide supra) Dr. Dorn calls Lyra ulsa'buk, not salbar. 

 X About 20° N. Lat. § Muculla ? II Cape Fartash, N. E. of Kisseen. 

 3 • 



