474 Memoir on a Map of Peshdioar [Aug. 



in the ruins. The whole country is indeed remarkable for the number 

 of antique ruins it presents : the most striking are those of Tatta and 

 Ris : those of Kounda are attributed to raja Hoddi (?). 



At Jend, 1 2 kos from Khebbi, towards Kushdlgarh is a small gold- 

 washing 1 . Fatehganj, a very old town, is remarkable for its sulphureous 

 springs : Hassan Abddl, for its picturesque situation and pure waters : 

 the remains of a palace built by Akber here are still visible : it is on 

 the high road from Attok to Lahdr. Of these places it is unnecessary 

 to speak, as they have been fully described by Burnes and other 

 travellers ; nor have we space to extract M. Court's notes on Khanpitr, 

 Skanderpiir, Naucher, &c. Near the former place General Ventura 

 opened several cupolas, and a large one at Pdhler was explored by the 

 native chief. 



Of the district of Pakheri, called by Forster Pukholi, this author 

 would make Peucelaotis of the Greeks. This M. Court refutes, plac- 

 ing it (as noted in the memoir published last month) near Bajore 

 (Bazira of the Greeks) on the west bank of the Indus. 



We must also take but a very cursory view of M. Court's remarks 

 on the physical geography of Taxila, hoping to see the whole pub- 

 lished ere long in the Paris Journal, with the advantage of the com- 

 ments of savans acquainted with the ancient history of the province. 



The mountainous tract to the north of the district boasts the boldest 

 and most romantic scenery. It is the link between the Pirpanjdl 

 range and the Hindu- koh. In the winter months there are but two or 

 three passes practicable for foot passengers, and that with much 

 hazard. Parallel ranges of less elevation occupy the southern face of 

 the principal mountain ridge for a space of 40 to 60 kos, forming 

 between them the successive valleys of Kakabamba, Pakkheri, and 

 Mozafferdbdd* Detached and irregular mountains and ridges cross 

 the main chains at various angles, or form insulated groups, as is 

 shewn on the map. There seem to be two principal lines of upheave- 

 ment, which it would be abundantly curious to examine geologically 

 on the principle of contemporaneous origin of parallel ridges started 

 by M. Elie de Beaumont. The most interesting lines are the metalli- 

 ferous hills N. W. of the Hydaspes, in general low, savage and uncul- 

 tivated, but rich in ores. Ferruginous, sulphureous and saline springs 

 are plentiful, but are not now turned to more use than the mines, 

 which were apparently worked in former times. The Hydaspes for- 

 merly paid tribute in the gold of its own tributary streams. The Pind- 

 dadan chain has abundance of iron. At Karengeli near Kattas are mines 

 of antimony : — in the Gulrih range, native sulphur : near Makhodi, na- 

 tive alum : and at Pind-dddan, the salt mines before mentioned. 



