488 Sub- Himalayan Fossil Remains [Aug. 



Hence, too, the localities of fossils thus collected at places remote 

 from each other did not admit of being accurately specified ; a cir- 

 cumstance of less importance so long as the species, sometimes even 

 the genera, exhibited characters distinct from the fossil and existing 

 species hitherto described ; but the species about to be noticed being 

 an approach to an existing type, we consider ourselves fortunate in 

 having witnessed the exhumation of many of the specimens referred 

 to in this paper, and are only sorry that the limited time at our 

 disposal was insufficient to enable us to take a plan and accurate 

 sections of the ground. 



The following general description may, however, give some idea of 

 a locality which furnishes an exception to other places whence fossils 

 have been obtained ; in this instance they have not been met with 

 in solitary fragments, but found massed together ; and excavation has 

 been resorted to with advantage. Though but an imperfect descrip- 

 tion, what follows may suffice to point out the site in question, and 

 it has therefore been introduced. 



The deposit is situated about a mile and a half to the N. W. of 

 Maginund, a village on the left bank of the easternmost affluent to 

 the Caggar, (or Gagur of some maps), immediately at the debouche 

 of the channel from the hills. On leaving the village, crossing over 

 to the right bank, and skirting for a short distance in a westerly 

 direction the base of the hills, the bed of a tributary is reached, which, 

 on being traced up, leads to the deposit. The formation here consists 

 alternately of strata of calcareous sandstone and of strata of a loamy 

 texture, composed of a mixture of sand and clay ; the proportions 

 of these ingredients of course vary continually, but in general they 

 are nearly equal ; the clay colours the strata, giving a brownish red 

 shade. The calcareous matter which enters into these loamy strata 

 is usually in small quantity, and they are so little indurated that some 

 of the blocks, although sheltered from the force of the rain itself, 

 fall to pieces when exposed to the damp atmosphere of a rainy day. 

 The fossils extracted from this matrix are more fragile than those 

 imbedded in the calcareous sand, and much care is requisite in dis- 

 engaging them. 



A hasty or distant view of the sections which here, as elsewhere, 

 abound, might lead to the conclusion that the loamy strata predomi- 

 nate ; for being, as above described, but little indui-ated and easily 

 acted upon by damp and rain, they tinge the calcareous sand strata 

 beneath them by covering their exposed sectional surfaces with red 

 or ochre-coloured particles. The consequent effect is very deceptive ; 

 but on closely examining many sections, we invariably found the sand 



