1836.] Geological Notes on the Northern Con/can. 765 



of Kudrama, — there sandstone and conglomerate are exposed at the 

 surface. 

 River Kim, section of the right bank at Sawal. 



No. 1 . Alluvial containing irregularly imbedded masses of con- 

 glomerate, 6 feet. 



No. 2. Three feet of horizontal strata of sandstone from one to 

 two inches in thickness. 



No. 3. Five feet of sandstone varying in hardness. 

 No. 4. Bed of the river, consisting of coarse conglomerate, coarser 

 than the imbedded masses No. 1 . 



There is no sign of stone of any kind on the left Oolpar bank of 

 the Kim. This formation of conglomerate and sandstones, is only 

 known in this tract of country to extend from the village of Koba, 

 through Elao and Sawal to Sunu. 



There is reason to believe that the same rocks form the Raj-pipla 

 range of hills and portions of the peninsula of Kattywdr. The central 

 ridge of Kattywdr, of which the celebrated hill of Politana forms a 

 part, is undoubtedly trap, the usual varieties of which are met with 

 at Baunagar. The most remarkable part of this formation (of sand- 

 stone, &c.) is the cornelian deposit at the celebrated mines near the 

 Nerbudda at Rattanpur. These mines were described by Mr. Copland, 

 Trans. Lit. Soc. Bombay. The general account is correct, but Mr. 

 C. is in error with respect to the appearance of igneous action upon 

 the hill of Bawa Gorea, which consists of sandstone and conglomerate 

 rocks, — but not a trace of trap. 



Leaving the town of Okleysir on the south bank of the Nerbudda*, 

 on the road to the cornelian mines through Sarapur, Clareville and 

 Rappalsdri, the flat black cotton soil plain gradually begins to undu- 

 late ; and in a nullah near the new village of Clareville I saw the first 

 appearance of stone (kankar of course excepted) even in fragments 

 since crossing the Kim. The masses were sandstone and conglome- 

 rate. The soil now mixed with sand here gradually loses its tenacity 

 and fitness for cotton cultivation. At length, under Rattanpur, the 

 place where the cornelians are brought to undergo the process of 

 baking, a clear section occurs on the bank of a nullah or small river 

 of rather saltish water opposite the village, shewing under a superfi- 

 cial stratum of alluvial, 5 feet thick strata of sandstone, 25 feet deep, 

 inclined at an angle of about 70°. 



* From Hansdt to Sugod (and I presume farther) may be seen a deserted bed 

 of the Nerbudda, the bank varying in height, consisting of clay with regular 

 horizontal deposits of kankar. The large tank at Sujod is evidently a portion 

 of the old bed of the river. 



