1835.] and Site of Fossil Bones in the Jumna. 273 



The sides of the mass presented to view in the accompanying sketch* 

 are evident fractures caused by the breaking up of the field by the 

 deepening of the river in its course, and although the present mass is 

 of the largest dimensions met with of this formation, I have no doubt 

 it forms but a mere particle of the field as it originally stood, the re- 

 mains of which now occupy various isolated positions in the river 

 abreast of it, which run across two-thirds of the whole breadth. 



Many other observations might be made on this deposit (and this 

 specimen of it in particular), that do not now occur to me ; but they 

 will readily suggest themselves to some more intelligent visitor, who 

 may be induced, from these remarks, on passing the spot, to give it an 

 hour's examination. 



As I believe no instance is on record of any other organic remains 

 than shells having been found in those strata of kankar opened in so 

 many parts of the Duab, in excavating wells, and for the purpose of 

 being burnt into lime, &c, the conclusion I draw from the observa- 

 tions I have been enabled to make, are all in favour of the opinion 

 given in my letter of the 2nd of August, that I do not consider the 

 fossil remaius of the Jumna, as at all connected with the natural kan- 

 kar formation, for wherever the specimens hitherto collected have been 

 found, circumstances quite as conclusive as those above pointed out 

 attend to shew that only these mechanically formed masses are in the 

 slightest degree connected with the fossils, and that the formation is 

 decidedly confined within the action and limits of the river, either 

 past or present ; but very possibly similar ones may be met with in 

 parallel situations in other parts of the Duab, generally alluvium, as 

 yet unrecorded. 



In your note on the Narsingpur fossils* I consider A A, the rocks 

 in which the bones are imbedded, to be a most accurate description of 

 the deposit rocks in the Jumna, if kankar was substituted for rounded 

 pebbles : of course, this difference the localities of these specimens has 

 alone effected, as the distance from the hills (which alone could sup- 

 ply rounded pebbles of the Nerbadda, at Narsingpur) is so much less 

 than the Jumna at Pachkowrif. 



* A rough pencil sketch is here given in the MS. of the mass of kankar "of the 

 deposit formation," containing the fossil elephant near Pachkowri ; it lies 4£ 

 feet above water-mark: the description in the text has been deemed sufficient 

 without the plate. — Ed. 



t This conglomerate varies its character according to the rocks which have 

 supplied the rounded pebbles of which it is composed ; these are sometimes gra- 

 nite, sometimes kankar, and sometimes jasper or vitrified clay. — A description of 

 extensive deposits of it in the Rajmahal hills will be found in the extract from 

 m m : 



