336 Inscriptions on the Bactrian Coins [June, 



resemblance whatever. It has most similarity to the Tartar appella- 

 tion khdkdn, common to monarchs of Bactria in later days ; and 

 it may not be unreasonable to assume this reading, until one more 

 plausible is discovered. At first I was inclined to read it ra-rao, in 

 conjunction with the preceding word mahardo, on the strength of the 

 expression before alluded to, of rao nano rao, on the Kanerkos coins ; 

 but in no example have I found the first letter *1 replaced by ^>. 

 The collocation of the letters is, again, exactly similar to those of the 

 Hebrew NH"D1 rabreba, maximus ; but for this reading we must 

 suppose il to be a b, which is contradicted by all other examples. 



For ANIKHTOY, the unconquered, we find the terms TVHPO dpatilo, 

 and TTWO apatildko ; and for NIKH^OPOT, the conquest-bearing, 

 "PTIA9, djalako or djalado ; of neither of these can I attempt a 

 solution, and the examples being few, we can not be very certain 

 of their correctness. 



The inscription cut on the silver disc found in the casket of the 

 ManikyalaTope, (Vol. iii. PI. XXII. fig. 26,) maybe read *P"rn£"h*Prulf> 

 famaro kanadako ; the second word without any very great straining 

 might be conceived to be the native mode of writing Kanerko ; and 

 if this interpretation be allowed, we may indeed look upon this tope as 

 the monument of that monarch. 



The writing on the brass cylinder itself (fig. 20 b of the same 

 plate), which was from my ignorance inverted in the engraving, seems 

 to consist of the following Bactro-Pehlevi characters WlXl jf] *\*t\ 

 T11" , r , £¥'"ri"ft Pip, which in Roman letters would be kad • ' malapo, far • 

 kamana papako, the purport of which I must leave uninterpreted : 

 nor will I endeavour to forestal the ingenuity of others, by any crude 

 attempt to convert into Roman letters the longer inscriptions given by 

 Mr. Masson, from the Jelalabad cylinder, (Vol. iii. PI. XXII.), and by 

 M. Court, from the stone slab of another Manikvala tope (Vol. iii. PI. 

 XXXIII.). I have already remarked, that this latter inscription contains, 

 very legibly, in the second line, the word TNTto malakdo, identical 

 with the royal designation so common upon the coins. 



It is now indeed time to turn our attention to the coins themselves, 

 whence our data for the construction of the Bactro-Pehlevi alphabet 

 have been derived. Of these I need do little more than furnish a few 

 notes of reference to the accompanying six plates, in which I have 

 brought down the series of selected specimens from Euthydemus to 

 Kadaphes Choranos, a name so nearly allied to Kadphises, that the latter 

 may be looked upon as its patronymic ; while the title that follows 

 it (Choranos) coincides so closely with what has been already described 

 as existing on the rao nano rao group (vol. iii. p. 448), that it would 

 seem to form the link of connection between them and the coins which 

 bear Pehlevi legends on the reverse. 



