346 Notice of new Bactrian Coins, collected by [June, 



Reverse. Jupiter seated ; his right hand extended. Monogram $ ; Pehlevi 

 legend 7>AV^V TTl^l TlTlO, malakao rakako Ermayo. 



Mr. Masson supposes Herm^eus I. to have reigned at Nysa (hod. 

 JelalabadJ because one of the topes opened in that neighbourhood 

 contained several of his coins ; they have, however, been found in 

 equal abundance in the Panjab, and it will be safer in the present 

 paucity of our knowledge to adhere to the general term " Bactrian,' 

 without attempting to subdivide the Greek dominion into the separate 

 states, of which it probably consisted throughout the whole period 

 of their rule. 



Unadpherrus. 



Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8. — Four coins of the prince made known to us by 

 Mr. Masson under the name of Unadpherrus. They are numerous, 

 of rude fabric, and more clear on the Pehlevi than the Greek side. 

 The device on all is the same, namely : 



Obverse. A bearded head with diadem : inscription as made out from the 

 combined specimens BAClAEHC CUJTHrDC VNADTeiTDV :— in some the titles 

 are in the nominative case. 



Reverse. A winged figure of Victory holding out a chaplet or bow : Pehlevi 

 inscription "P'lH *pf O'colp "PSTIU. 



This may be rendered malakao fareto nanado ; or the last word may 

 be ^P'l'TT for o-wrripos. If lp be p and <s* h, we might convert the word 

 letter for letter into phero; making f an r. The first half of the name 

 VNAD or VNAA seems to be omitted in the Pehlevi, unless nanado 

 be intended for it ; but then the title ' Saviour' will be wanting. 



The only recorded name that at all approaches to this barbarous 

 appellation is Phraotes or Phrahates, whom Philostratus asserts to 

 have reigned at Taxiles, south of the Indus, about the commencement 

 of the Christian era. He was visited by Apollonius Tyan^eus in 

 his travels, who conversed with him in the Greek language. The 

 execution of the coins before us, does not well agree with the magni- 

 ficence and elegance of Phraotes' court, as described by Philostra- 

 tus, " the residence of dignified virtue and sublime philosophy* ;" 

 but much allowance may be made for exaggeration. The Bactrian 

 sway was already broken, and the country in a disturbed state. 

 *' Whether Parthian or Indian, Phraotes was tributary to the 

 Southern Scythians, whom he gladly subsidized to defend him against 

 the more savage Huns, who finally drove before them the Scythians, 

 who had seized upon the Bactrian kingdomf." Apollonius describes 

 a magnificent temple of the sun at Taxiles. The fact, frequently 

 mentioned in history, of the native princes of India conversing and 



* Maurice's Modern Hindostan, I. 152. f Ditto, L, 142, 



