( 6 ) 



of the slide is touching the line drawn at a tangent to the convex 

 surfaces of the eyebrows. 



Height from vertex to tragus (H — K in Fig. 1). — According 

 to Topinard, the point to be measured to is the centre of the tragus. 

 K in Figure 3 is therefore a trifle too low. 



Facial angle of Cuvier (ONX in Fig. 6). — A special instrument 

 is provided to measure this angle. The subject holds between 

 his teeth the small projection in the centre of the instrument : 

 the bosses are put into his ears and held there ; and the indicator 

 is adjusted so that the round knob at the end of it touches the 

 glabella. The angle is then read off on the scale. It should be 

 observed that the upper front teeth are the point which determines 

 the angle. If by reason of any malformation of the teeth the 

 subject cannot grip the instrument himself, the operator should hold 

 the instrument so that the projection is in contact with the upper 

 front teeth. Care should be taken that the flexible band of steel 

 which passes through the ear bosses is drawn fairly tight, and the 

 instrument should be given time to settle before the angle is read 

 off. When persons of different castes or sub- castes are being 

 measured at the same time, each subject should, if he wishes to do so, 

 be allowed to wash the part of the instrument which touches his 

 teeth, after it has been used by another person. The instrument 

 must not be roughly handled or bent in the process of washing, and 

 must be oiled very thoroughly afterwards. 



Circumference of the chest. — This is measured with the tape, the 

 lower edge of which should rest on the nipples, the arms being raised 

 while the tape is adjusted and afterwards lowered. The ends of the 

 tape are held by the operator standing behind the subject. Care 

 must be taken that the tape is in a true horizontal plane perpendi- 

 cular to the axis of the thorax. The dimension should be read 



when the breathing is at 

 rest, midway between in- 

 halation and expiration. 



Grande envergure or 

 length from third finger 

 to third finger, the arms 

 being fully extended at 

 right angles to the body. 

 This is best taken by 

 making the subject ex- 

 tend his arms against a 

 wall and marking the 

 points which his fingers 

 reach. The distance 

 between the points can 

 then be measured with 

 the standard, not with 



Fig. 7. -Grande envergure. the tape. Fide figure 7. 



