24 Memorandum on the Survey of Kashmir. [No. I, 



vation is carried on in the small valleys that run into the mountains, 

 viz. the Daras valley, Teregram, Hurripore and Tevil (near Wurtapore). 

 These are the prettiest spots, the east end is scarcely worth a journey 

 to see it. 



The Great Wulur Lake is a favorite resort of sportsmen in search 

 of rare aquatic birds. The lake also abounds with fish of all sizes 

 peculiar to hill waters, the larger kinds being speared or harpooned 

 from small boats. 



The river Jhelum is navigable from the city to the great lake, and 

 indeed most of the marshes and lakes can be crossed in boats, so that 

 sportsmen and travellers in search of the beautiful or romantic can 

 be easily gratified. 



Ibex, Bara-singha or Elk, brown and black Bears, Musk-deer and 

 Gazelle are found on most of the higher ranges, but it needs a keen 

 sportsman both willing and able to endure fatigue and hardship, 

 to boast of having shot an Ibex. Many are the thrilling incidents 

 of a chase after Ibex, over fearful precipices and slippery glaciers, 

 where a single false step would have sealed the fate of the daring 

 hunter. 



The grandeur and beauty of Kashmirian scenery cannot be described, 

 it must be seen to be fully understood or appreciated. The high 

 masses of mountains, many covered with snow, which surround the 

 valley on every side, the lakes and streams, the variety and luxu- 

 riance of the foliage and the mildness of the climate are together 

 not to be met with in any other part of India. 



The town of Kashmir or Sirinagur is quite an Eastern Venice, the 

 place being intersected with canals in every direction and the houses 

 built out from the water. The lake adjoining, with its pretty little 

 island of Chinars, and its numberless floating gardens, is like a mirror 

 reflecting the surrounding mountains on its surface, so as quite to 

 give the idea when passing over in a boat that one is skimming over 

 the peaks and crags in an aerial machine. At the bottom of these 

 mountains on the borders of the lake are the famous gardens of 

 Shalimar and Nishat. Streams from the mountains, are made to 

 run through them, forming Cascades and canals, the Chinar trees 

 casting their shade over them and the walks lining the sides. 



The houses in the city of Sirinagur are chiefly of brick-work, built 



