296 On the Mat-ltorned Taurine Cattle of 8, E. Asia. "No. 3, 



numerous in various localities, and not always particularly shy where 

 little persecuted : for instance, my late friend Capt. Cramp (a distin- 

 guished sportsman, who fell most gallantly taking possession of a 

 gun at Laknao,) found them so little shy towards the sources of 

 the Nerbudda, that, on one occasion, a couple of young bulls came 

 trotting fearlessly out of the forest, within easy gunshot of himself 

 and companion on horseback, and continued for some time to trot 

 alongside of them at that distance, till my friend's sporting (or 

 destructive) propensities could brook it no longer. Others would have 

 felt much greater pleasure in observing the noble animals thus fear- 

 lessly at liberty, and would have been loth to abuse their confidence. 



In the catalogue of the specimens of mammalia in the India-house 

 museum, published by the late veteran zoologist, Dr. Horsfield, in 

 1851, a Bos asseel is described as a new species, founded on a pre- 

 served head, with the skin on, in that collection. I have drawings 

 of the identical specimen, which I pronounce, with confidence (as I 

 did formerly in J. A. S. XI, 415), to be that of a cow G-aour, with 

 horns more slender and turning back more towards the tips than 

 usual ; but I have seen others like them, and of all intermediate 

 grades between them and the ordinary type of female Gaour-horns, 

 resembling those of the bull but more slender, and with always a 

 greater amount of inclination backwards at the tips. The specimen 

 in question is figured by Gen. Hardwicke in the ' Zoological Journal,' 

 III, pi. 7; together with a frontlet of a bull Gaour: and the two 

 being by him also supposed to be distinct species. 



Of the Banteng (G. sondaictts), or Tsoing of the Burmese, (who 

 designate the Gaour as the Pyoung,) we possess two frontlets from 

 Java — one of them particularly fine, — also an imperfect skull with 

 horns from Pegu, and a single horn from the Arakan side of the 

 mountain range which separates that province from Pe°-u, — both 

 presented by Col. Phayre ; — together with a flat skin of a calf from 

 Mergui, resembling in colour the Javanese calf figured by Dr. Salomon 

 Muller, who has given four excellent coloured representations of this 

 animal, of different sexes and ages, and profusely illustrated the 

 skulls and horns. For this calf-skin, the Society is indebted to the 

 late Major Berdmore. The species was long ago indicated in Pen- 

 nant's ' Hindustan,' as a kind of wild Ox " with white horns" inha- 



