154 A notice of the Caunaha Smriti. [No. 3, 



most, those of the modern Prayogas or " Manuals." On the 

 other hand the work is not like a Dharmasutra or Dharmashastra, as 

 it gives less the duties of a Hindu than a description of the various 

 rites to he performed hy him. 



The first question which now obtrudes itself, is, whether this curi- 

 ous work is really a composition of the ancient sage Caunaka or a 

 production of later times. The fact, that so very frequently a new 

 topic is introduced with the words " I, Gaunaka, will declare" 

 (Caunakoham pravaxyami) and similar phrases, would seem to furnish 

 proof that the Karika is the original work of (J'aunaka. 



Besides there is some circumstantial evidence which makes in 

 favour of this opinion. Firstly, nearly all the Mantras quoted are 

 taken from the Rig Veda and show that the author was a follower of 

 this Veda. As it is well known that Caunaka belonged to the 

 Bahvricas, this fact is of some importance. Secondly, many passages 

 of the Karika agree almost literally with the Sutras of A'cvala- 

 yana, and these two works agree very closely in regard to some 

 ceremonies which are unknown to the other Vedic schools. As, 

 according to tradition, A'pvalayana was a pupil and follower of Cau- 

 naka, these points also speak for the authenticity of the Karika. 



The rules regarding the Grarbhalambhana and the Anavalabhana, 

 two ceremonies to which are to be performed soon after marriage, 

 furnish an instance of the close resemblance of the two works. A'cva- 

 layana says Grihyasutra I. 13.1. upanishad ; garbhalambhanam pum- 

 savanam anavalabhanam ca. I. 13.2 : yad? nadhiyat. 



1. In the Upanishad are (prescribed) the Grarbhalambhana, Punv 

 savana, and Anavalabhana. 



2. If he does not study it (he shall perform the following 



rite). 



Caunaka gives the following rules on this subject : — 



G-arbhalambhah pumsavanam garbhasyanavalobhanam. Iti kar- 

 matravyamidam yajnopanishaderitam. 



Tamadhitavatah karma trayam tathaiva sugrahah. 



Anadhita va tas tvesha pra yogotra nibadhyate. 



" The Garbhalambha, the Pumsavana and the Grarbhanavalobhana, 

 these three ceremonies are enjoined in the Yajnopanishad. These 

 three ceremonies, which are easily understood, (ought to be performed) 



