8 E. V. Wesfcmacott — A Copperplate grant by Lalcshnan Sen [Xo. 1, 



foapa, and Sriranga or Vaharica. Paimdra-Varddhana was probably the 

 division of Pundra or Paundra Desa, of which Verddhana Kiita was the 

 capital. Eighty miles to the east of the place where I think it probable 

 Hiouen Thsang may have crossed, or 100 miles from Bajmahal, close to 

 Gobindganj, is a place marked in the map Pajbur'e, which is popularly 

 known as Borddhon-kiiti, and which is the residence of a zamindar of very 

 old family, which 250 years ago possessed estates nearly, if not exactly, 

 coterminous with Akbar's Sarkar of Ghoraghat. I have tried to identify 

 the name of Paundra with that of Sarkar Panjara, adjoining Sarkar Grhora- 

 ghat on the north-west, but am not satisfied that I am right. 150 miles 

 further eastward brought the pilgrim to the kingdom of Kamrup, which, 

 as Mr. Fergusson points out, probably means the capital thereof, Gauhatti, 

 which lies a good deal to the north of east, from Borddhon-kuti, but per- 

 haps not too much so for Hiouen Thsang to speak of it as to the eastward. 

 The kingdom of Paundra-Varddhana extended from the Kosi in Purniak 

 to the Brahmaputra, and from the Ganges to the hills. 



I do not think Paundra-Varddhana is mentioned in the Monghyr plate. 

 Deb Pal addresses the Gaura as his principal subjects, as other Pal kings 

 call themselves Gaureshwar, Gauradhipo. 



In the Amgachhi plate, Vigraha Pal has the expression Sri Pundra 

 varddhanastha Kankodibasa bishaydntaJ/pdti, and I have not yet discovered 

 any allusion to the Gaura. 



Keshab Sen (p. 45, Vol. vii, J. A. S. B.) says Sri Paundra varddhana 

 hliukty dntahpdti, the same expression as Lakshman Sen's, where I take bhuk- 

 ti, as bishaya in the Amgachhi plate, to mean ' province', as if Paundra- 

 Varddhana were only a part of the dominions of the Sen kings. Keshab 

 Sen has bange JBiJcrampur following the expression, as if Banga, or Eastern 

 Bengal, in which Bikrampur was, were a part of Paundra-Varddhana. 



The word baredydn in the text may stand iovbarenydn ' chiefs,' or for 

 bdrendrdn, meaning the inhabitants of Barendra, a geographical expression 

 which once applied to the tract I understand by Paundra- Varddhana, and 

 which I believe now survives in the name ' Borind,' by which the hilly tract 

 in Maldah, Dinajpur, Rajshahi, and Bogra, is popularly known. 



The law requiring such an edict as this to be upon silk or copper is 

 quoted by Mr. Colebrooke. See Misc. Ess., II., 29S ; Digest of Hindoo 

 Law, II. 278 ; As. Ees., II. 50. 



The word dakshind is a technical word, to express the fee given to the 

 priest on the occasion of certain ceremonies. This grant of land was made 

 on the occasion of the king's giving away gold, horses, and chariots. Perhaps 

 he had consecrated a gift of a car and horses for the rathajdtra, a suggestion 

 of mine, which the Pandit rejects. 



The^oMs of Bharadvaja is the family descended from the Blshi, or 



