1875.] Gr. E. Fryer — On tlie Kliyeng people of Sandoioay, AraJcan. 45 



loes, clogs, and fowls, are sacrificed, and immense quantities of rice-beer 

 consumed. The three principal festivals are Nando, Plaung-luo, and Konde. 

 The Nando takes place in March or April, in front of the Nandayi's 

 house who conducts it. Every one in the village contributes towards it. A 

 hog, dog, two fowls, and three large pots of rice-beer are offered, and invo- 

 cations for a favourable season and other blessings are mumbled by the 

 priests to the spirits of the village. 



The Plait ng-liio is a festival in honor of Jupiter Pluvius, and should 

 by rights be held annually just before the rains set in, but owing it is said 

 to the expense attending it, it is only celebrated about once in every eight 

 or ten years. At this feast buffaloes are sacrificed, oblong stones two or 

 three feet long and five or six inches in diameter, procured from the creeks, 

 are set up vertically at the lower end of the village, in number equal to the 

 buffaloes to be sacrificed. The animals are killed and their blood is poured 

 over the stone. Any sufferer from sickness who can afford it, may offer a 

 sacrifice to this spirit, provided he has first obtained permission from the 

 Deh mo tayi. The use of the upright stone is curious, and seems to point 

 to some connection with Phallus worship. Captain Latter already re- 

 marked {Journal, Asiatic Society, Bengal, 1846), that the Khyoung-thas 

 of the Koladyne river make offerings at stones which " are rough represen- 

 tations of the Lingiim and the Yoni." 



The Konde is celebrated every year for three years, and after a lapse of 

 three years is again celebrated annually for three years. Its object is to 

 propitiate the Konde spirit and his brother and sister, in order to avert 

 sickness and other calamity ; at this feast pigs are slaughtered. At the 

 lower end of the village three miniature huts of bamboo are constructed side 

 by side, and a small stone placed in each, together with portions of pork 

 and some rice-beer, prayers are offered, and the proceedings terminate with 

 much feasting. 



The above are the principal festivals or sacrifices, but there are many 

 minor spirits to whom worship is paid as circumstances require. 



Habitations and Domestic Life. — The houses of the Khyengs are con- 

 structed of wooden posts which vary from 9 to 16 in number ; the walls 

 and floor are made of bamboo matting, and the roof is composed of grass or 

 leaves. The length of a house varies from 12 to 16 cubits, and it is about 8 

 to 12 cubits broad ; there are two apartments, the sleeping and the cooking, 

 with an open verandah in front of the latter ; the flooring is raised some 

 4 or 5 feet from the ground, and the swine and poultry are enclosed beneath 

 it. {Vide Plate VII.) On festive occasions the Khyengs eat hogs, dogs, 

 and fowls, and use abundance of a fermented liquor made from rice, which 

 they call Yu. All animals are eaten by them except the tiger, bear, and otter. 

 Their clothes are woven and made at home, and the manufactures,though coarse 



