1S75.] G. E. Fryer — On the Khyeng people of Sandoway, AraTcan. 



51 



When the sense is complete without it, the full form of the personal 

 pronouns is often omitted. 



The contracted form of the second and third persons is more frequently 

 understood than expressed, as — pon a on u. hoi (they) two dwell in a forest. 



The contracted form of the third personal is often used as a nominative 

 affix thus, anii na apo na naso jok hmu agu. kat u hoi, the parents toept on 

 seeing their child's corpse. 



Demonstrative pronouns are the following: — 



Ses- 



GULAR. 



Dual. 



Plural. 





ni 



This 



ni hoi These two. 



ni hio 



These 



to ] 



■ 



to \ 



to ) 







That 



. hoi Those tivo, 

 toni ) 



[ hio 



Those 



toni 





toni ) 





Xi this, and to or toui that, with the dative affix, heeome ' ni a' here, and ' to a' 

 there; with the ablative particle agu, hence and thence. The more distant 

 there is expressed by ' sowa' or ' sobra'. 



Relative Pronouns. Of these there are none in the language. The idea 

 of relation is periphrastically expressed by a verbal root with the genitive 

 particle affixed coupled with the object ; thus the man who runs would be 

 • son gu khlaung', the running man. 



Interrogative Pronouns. These are ' ani' who, l ani ku' whose, ' baung' 

 and ' pi', ichich, tchat. 



On Adjectites. 



Adjectives are usually placed after the nouns they qualify. They do 

 not alter their terminatious to express either number, case, or gender ; indeed, 

 many words have a substantive, adjective, or verbal, signification according 

 to their position in the sentence. 



The Comparative degree is formed by the word ' san', great, placed 

 before the adjective, thus — ahpoi good, san ahpoi better. 



The word ' Ion' more is used synonymously with the English word than ; 

 thus, toni Ion a ni hboi moi u, this is better than that. 



The Superlative degree is expressed by the word ' he&' very, much ; thus, 

 alhem hek kuam pihio moi u ? how old is the eldest ? 



Or Numerals. 

 The following is the cardinal series of numbers adopted by the 

 Khyengs : — ■ 



