86 Rajendralala Mitra — On a Coin of Kunanda from Karnal. [Xo. 1, 



thorough scholar, and he may have somewhere found authorit} r for the 

 ahove ; hut I have not been able to find in any dictionary the word 7cri 

 with the meaning of ' a million', and my friends among the Professors of the 

 Sanskrit College of Calcutta have also failed to find out any authority for 

 such a meaning. Professor Mahes'achandra Nyayaratna authorises me to 

 say there is no such meaning. 



Kra is sometimes used in compounds as an onomatopoetic term for a 

 clicking sound, as in JcraJcacha for ' a saw', but it is of no value in the explana- 

 tion of the word under notice. The root kri = wt " to buy" with the affix 

 T3 1 would make kra " a purchaser", and it added to nanda would mean " the 

 delighter of buyers", but such a term for a royal proper name is as unlikely 

 as possible. Thus then, on the one hand, palaeographic evidence is not 

 positively in favour of the reading kra, etymology, on the other, is all 

 but decidedly against it ; and, seeing that in the Greek and Persian tran- 

 scriptions of the name, as quoted by Mr. Thomas, the r has been dispensed 

 with, I am disposed to think that the balance of evidence is in favour of the 

 old reading. 



The first half of the third word is identically the same in the Pali 

 legend of Mr. Thomas's figure and Mr. Carleton's coin, and can be read only 

 as amagha. The Bactrian version of the latter has also the same reading. 

 In the Bactrian version of the former there is, however, a spur under the m, 

 which must be read, and has been very correctly read by Mr. Thomas as the 

 equivalent to o, and not of r, as he takes the spur to be in the first syllable 

 of the second word. It is well known that in the Pali, as in the modern 

 Kuthiwal, the vowel marks were very much neglected (in the very coin 

 before us rdjnah is written rajnali, and maliarajd, maharaja), and there is 

 no reason when the mark is given in one place why we should not supply 

 it where it has been dropped. The reading therefore may be accepted un- 

 questionably as amogha, meaning " unfailing" or " unflinching". The first 

 letter of the second half of the third word is bha in both the legends of Mr. 

 Carleton's coin and in the Pali legend of Mr. Thomas's figure. The foot of 

 the letter is perfectly straight, and there is not the slightest indication of 

 any spur below it, nor sufficiently marked at the right end of the middle 

 stroke to be taken into account. But in the Bactrian version of the latter 

 there is a barely perceptible tendency to a curl which as in the case of the 

 first syllable of the second word Mr. Thomas takes to be an r. The next- 

 two syllables are unquestionably and unmistakeabry ti and sa in both the 

 legend^ of Mr. Carleton's coin and in the Bactrian version of Mr. Thomas's 

 figure, but ta and sa in the Pali version of the latter. Now, as superfluous 

 addition of vowelmarks is not a peculiarity of the Pali, though omissions 

 are, it must follow that the correct reading of the word is bhatisa or bhra- 

 tisa, and not bhratasa. 



