1875.] G. E. Fryer— Pali Studies. —No. 1. 101 



8. Contrast, (vyatirelco) is the distinction in the idea of resemblance 

 between objects either expressed or understood, v. 246. It is twofold, 

 namely: — 



{a.) single {ekavyatireko), v. 246, 248. 

 (b.) double (ubJiaya—), v. 249, 250. 



9. Peculiar causation, (vibhdvand) is the production of an effect by 

 some cause other than the usual one, which is suppressed ; or, (the pro- 

 duction of an effect) naturally, (though dependent upon some other cause) ; 

 v. 251. Hence the figure is twofold, namely : — 



(#.) peculiar (karanantara), v. 252. 

 (b.) natural (sabhavikaphala), v. 253. 



10. Causation (lietit). This figure has two divisions, namely — 



(a.) producing causation (janakahetu). 



(b.) indicating causation (napakahetu), v. 254. 



A few only of the endless subdivisions of the above are indicated in this 

 treatise. They are : v. 235. 



(«.) active causation producing apparent act (bhdvalcicco Icdralcalwtu), 

 v. 256. 



(b.) active causation producing non-apparent act {ablidvahicco Icdra- 

 kalietu), v. 257. 



(e.) causation indicating apparent act, (bhdvakicco ndpakahetii), v. 

 258. 



(cl.) unfitly acting wonderful causation (ayuttakdri cittahetii) , v. 259. 



(<?.) fitly acting wonderful causation {yuttahdricittahetu), v. 260. 



11. Order (Icamo), is when a reference is made respectively to what 

 has been mentioned, v. 261. This figure is the Relative Order (j/athdsan- 

 hhyam) of Sanskrit Rhetoric. 



12. Excessively agreeable (piyataram). This figure is exhibited 

 when an excess of agreeability is imparted to the sense, v. 263, 264. 



13. Concise style, (samdsavutti) is exhibited, when an intended object 

 is concisely described by means of an approved metaphor, v. 265. It is 

 twofold, namely, when the attributes are either 



(a.) separate {bliinnavisesana) , v. 266. 



(b.) non-separate [abliinnavisesana) , v. 267, 268. 



14. Idealization, (parikappana) is the imagining of an object under 

 the character of another, v. 270. This figure is expresssd by an implied 

 metaphor, and may depict actions, qualities, and the like, v. 271. Such 

 expressions as ' methinks, I suspect, of a certainty, surely, as, ' are occa- 

 sionally made use of in this figure, v. 275. 



15. Concentration, (samdhita) is manifested when a special con- 

 sequence results from a concentrated effort, v. 277. 



16. Periphrasis, (pariydya) is when the fact to be intimated, is ex- 



