1S75.] J. Beanies — The Rhapsodies of Gambhir Bdi. 207 



out the poems. ^fr«r is in Hindi often an irregular indefinite participle 

 from ^T«TT, to come, though it may also be from ^TTTT, to bring. In 

 Panjabi, ^"PJ! is more frequently used in the sense of " having come", which 

 I have, therefore, adopted here. 



^T may refer to Jagat Singh, whose beauty is often mentioned in the 

 poems, or it may be an allusion to Kabrai Sundar, whom the Emperor sent 

 to visit Jagat just before the rebellion. This Sundar is always alluded to 

 by Gambhir as ^T fi^P?, or ' Sundar, the bad poet'. He himself is unvary- 

 ingly ^R, 'the good poet'. 



IT^TT ^\^ is a regular Panjabicism. In that dialect, fsp^" is the regular 

 sign of the locative instead of ?}. The constant mention of the ' Mau ka 

 maidan' is explained by the fact that Jagat, although he fortified and garri- 

 soned all his strongholds, did not himself stay in any one of them. He 

 entrenched himself in the plain of Mau, at the foot of some hills covered 

 with jungle, where he had a villa and met his enemies there. There is the 

 regular old smack of Rajput daring and fool-hardiness in this, in fact 

 throughout the whole affair, Jagat and bis son seem to have been playing 

 at rebellion ; perhaps his easy successes over the Muhammadans of Kabul 

 may have put into his head the idea that it would be rather good (Rajput) 

 fun to have a brush with the Padishah and his forces. *sf*l UTS, planting 

 the pillar, the T^t -sjvr, or pillar of war, just as we plant a standard in the 

 middle of a camp. 



^ptf Panjabi and Sindhi for ^. The ^ of ^Tqf on disappearing aspirates 

 the remaining consonant. 



^pS7 is the encampment of bullocks made by the banjaras. Several 

 towns in India are named Tanda, from this cause. 



TfTfrf «T I have taken as a plural of WJ%<T, honoured, noble. If divided 

 into ^n«r <T«T, it is difficult to make sense of the passage. 

 2. Jagat Singh, son. of Basudev, was their protector ; 



The story went from land to land, it is a tale in the world ; 



He is vigilant on all four sides to hem in the Sultan's army, 



He smites them morn and eve, this he knew in his mind, 



One goes not by road or ghat, the princes remained not staunch, 



Without food, without water, the armies melted away. 



Hearing the news doubt fell on the Patsah's mind. 



In the midst of the plain of Mau there is slaughter unto death. 



If we followed the Muhammadan historian's account, it would be per- 

 fectly compatible with the text, so loose and vague is its style, to translate 

 this passage quite the other way. Thus in the first line by making ^rp^^T 

 the nominative we might render — 



" The Shah's army were vigilant on all sides to hem Mm in." 



But this would not agree with the assertion that the ' Umrao' did not 

 remain firm or staunch ; nor with the anxiety of the Shah, nor with the 



