1875.] 



G. Thibaut — On the S'ulvasutras. 



245 



A'pastamba illustrates the rule by an example : 



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The question is about a square of four square purushas, from which a 

 square of one square purusha is to be deducted. The diagonal (e g), which 

 has been drawn across the oblong, is the side of a square of four purushas, 

 and produces by itself as much as the cut-off side (g d) and the other side 

 (e d) produce separately. The breadth of the oblong (e d) is the side of one 

 square purusha ; the rest— the other side, dg — the side of three square 

 purushas. 



In order to combine oblongs with squares, a rule was wanted for turn- 

 ing oblongs into squares. 



Baudhayana : 



In order to turn an oblong into a square, take the breadth of the ob- 

 long for the side of the square ; divide the rest of the oblong into two parts, 

 and inverting their places join those two parts to two sides of the square. 

 Fill the empty place with an added piece. The deduction of this has been 

 taught. 



That means : if you wish to turn 

 a i the oblong abed into a square, cut 



off from the oblong the square c d e f, the 

 side of which is equal to the breadth 

 of the oblong ; divide a b e f, the rest of 

 the oblong, into two parts, a b g h and 

 g h e f ; take a b g h, and place it into the 

 position d f i k ; fill up the empty place 

 in the corner by the small square f h 1 i ; 

 then deduct by samachaturasranirhara the 

 small square f h 1 i from the large square 

 g 1 k c ; the square you get by this deduc- 

 tion will be equal to the oblong abed. 

 A'pastamba gives-the same rule : 



And Katyayana : 



-J- 



Fig. 6. 



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