1870.] List of Kashmiri words. 95 



List* of words and phrases to le noted and used as test words for the 

 discovery of the radical affinities of languages and for easy comparison, 

 draivn up by Mr. Justice Campbell. — Translated into Kashmiri, ly 

 W. J. Elsmlie, Esq., M. D., Srinagar. 



Rules for the pronunciation of the vowels and consonants made 

 use of in this list. 



a as the u of ' but.' 



a represents a sound which must be learned from the lips of 



a native of Kashmir. 

 a as the a in ark. 

 a nearly as the au of ' cause.' 

 ai as ai in aisle, 

 au as ou in sound. 

 ai as y in my. 

 d in sounding this letter, the tongue is turned back and made 



to strike the roof of the mouth, 

 e as e in pet. 

 e as a in spade. 

 f as f in fall. Kashmiris nearly always change the sound of 



f into that of p aspirated. 

 g as g in goat. 

 gh as g aspirated. Kashmiris cannot pronounce the letter 



ghaim correctly. 

 i as i in pin. The Final i is pronounced very slightly. 



i as ee in glee. 



hh as k aspirated ; hh is generally incorrectly sounded by the 



Kashmiris. 

 n as n in the French mon. 

 B. as n in the Spanish Coruna. 

 o as o in not. 

 6 as o in tone. 



* The two Kashmiri and Gond Vocabularies given in the following pages 

 have been drawn up according to Mr. Justice Campbell's Model Vocabulary. 

 Their distinguishing feature lies in this that the words are expressed in 

 the Persian and Nagiri characters, which removes every doubt as to the correct 

 pronunciation. Tiie Editor, 



